The differential solubility of polar and apolar groups in water is important for the self-assembly of globular proteins, lipid membranes, nucleic acids, and other specific biological structures through hydrophobic and hydrophilic effects. The increase in water's heat capacity upon hydration of apolar compounds is one signature of the hydrophobic effect and differentiates it from the hydration o...

hydrogen is an unusual substance in that its molecule exists in two forms, known as ortho and para, with markedly different properties. energy level of the ortho molecule is higher than para, therefore, the latter is employed for industrial purposes. consequently, for a high  conversion of  ortho to para hydrogen a catalyst reactor must be employed.  therefore, one of  the main objectives of th...

nanofluids are gaining much importance over the past decade due to their enhanced thermal conductivity, specific heat, cooling capacity, electrical conductivities. novel properties of nanofluids are yet to be explored to the highest potential applications. one of the prominent applications of nanofluids is in thermal conduction. the presence of nanoparticle in a fluid can enhance the thermal co...

in recent years several studies have been done in the field of laminar flame speed. one of the important characteristics of the combustion is the laminar flame speed. in this study, the effects of co2 and n2 on the laminar flame speed of natural gas and gasoline fuel mixture have been investigated. schlieren method has been used in this study. experiments were carried out at pressure of 1 bar a...

A single crystal of U2NiSi3 was investigated by means of magnetization, electrical resistivity and heat capacity measurements. Whereas the DC magnetic data clearly manifest strongly anisotropic ferromagnetism, the AC magnetic susceptibility data are consistent with spin-glass behaviour, reported previously for polycrystalline samples. Moreover, no distinct anomalies around TC occur in the speci...

The properties of gas mixture exert a large effect on thermal exchange from the human body and finally on the comfort temperature in the hyperbaric environment. Equations describing density, viscosity, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity of real gas mixture as the function of helium contents, temperature and the total gas pressure were derived. It makes possible to improve the comfort ...

the steps taken in designing a loop reactor for bulk propylene polymerization are discussed. the roles played by several parameters like particle growth factor, catalyst activity and solid fraction on reactor volume at different operating conditions are investigated. at first, based on a fixed production capacity and specific rate of catalyst, reactor volume is determined. next, the length and ...

We have measured the heat capacity of (3)He-(4)He mixtures confined in films of thickness 48.3 and 986.9 nm. The confinement is defined by direct bonding of two silicon wafers. The heat capacity is measured using an ac technique and then transformed to correct for exponent renormalization effects. The data address the expected universal critical behavior along the lambda line as function of (3)...

In a conventional cooling system, refrigerant superheating inside the compressor is largely responsible for overall energy losses, increasing the compression specific work and decreasing the cooling capacity. In heat pump applications, superheating not only affects the compression loss, but also the specific heating capacity of the system, since the inlet temperature of the condenser depends on...