Spill fires usually occur during the storage and transportation of hazardous materials, posing a threat to the people and environment in their immediate proximity. In this paper, a classical Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) method is used to assess the risk of spill fires. In this method, the maximum spread area and the steady burning area are introduced as parameters to clearly assess the ra...

Each environmental disaster is unique, with health consequences that depend on the intersection of the event, the geographic setting, and the characteristics of the local population. Yet, all environmental disasters require the identification of health consequences and strategies to mitigate them and provide lessons for how to do better in future disasters (1–6). The Prestige oil spill and the ...

This chapter gives credence to the introduction of optimal control theory into oil spill modeling and develops an optimization process that will aid in the effective decisionmaking in marine oil spill management. The purpose of the optimal control theory is to determine the control policy that will optimize (maximize or minimize) a specific per‐ formance criterion, subject to the constraints im...

Updating a system modeled as a real symmetric quadratic eigenvalue problem to match observed spectral information has been an important task for practitioners in different disciplines. It is often desirable in the process to match only the newly measured data without tampering with the other unmeasured and often unknown eigenstructure inherent in the original model. Such an updating, known as n...

This study has demonstrated a design tool for oil spill detection in SAR satellite data using optimization of Entropy based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (E-MMGA) based on Pareto optimal solutions. The study also shows that optimization entropy based on Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm provides an accurate pattern of oil slick in SAR data. This is shown by 85% for oil spill, 10% ...

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from satellite missions provide a significant support to oil spill detection applications. On the other hands recent studies have demonstrated the potentialities of artificial neural networks for discrimination, starting from SAR imagery, between oil spills and objects which resemble oil spills (called “look-alikes”). The oil spill detection algorithm basic...

The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the largest ever accidental release of oil into marine waters, affected hundreds of miles of US northern Gulf of Mexico coastline that is important habitat for migratory shorebirds. Shorebirds are particularly susceptible to oil contamination because of their subsurface probe-foraging behavior and reliance on intertidal habitat. More than one million migrat...

We investigated the effects of a warmer climate, and seasonal trends, on the fate of oil spilled in the Arctic. Three well blowout scenarios, two shipping accidents and a pipeline rupture were considered. We used ensembles of numerical simulations, using the OSCAR oil spill model, with environmental data for the periods 2009-2012 and 2050-2053 (representing a warmer future) as inputs to the mod...

A diesel fuel spill was simulated on a 12-m(2) plot of agricultural land, at a concentration of 1 Lm(-2) of soil. The natural attenuation of Volatile Aromatic Hydrocarbons (VAHs) was monitored at different soil depths over a period of 50 days. The natural attenuation of VAHs in the surface layer would be attributed to two processes, namely: volatilisation (mainly linked to the boiling point of ...

.text .global scalar_prod .type scalar_prod, @function .align 2 scalar_prod: stfs 2, -8(1) ; spill floating-point regs to stack memory stfs 1, -4(1) ; spill FPR1 stfs 4, -16(1) ; spill FPR4 stfs 3, -12(1) ; .... stfs 6, -24(1) stfs 5, -20(1) lwz 3, -8(1) ; load spilled FPR2 from stack to GPR3 lwz 4, -4(1) ; load spilled FPR1 from stack to GPR4 lwz 5, -16(1) ; .... lwz 6, -12(1) udi0fcm 3, 4, 3 ...