In the studies of human neuromuscular function, the function of leg muscles has been most often measured, particularly the function of the knee extensors. Therefore, this review will be focused on knee extensors, methods for assessment of its function, the interdependence of strength and power, relations that describe these two abilities and the infl uence of various factors on their production...

Digitized electromyographic activity of transplanted extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles in cats differs from that of control EDL and anterior tibialis muscles lying adjacent to transplanted EDL muscles. In autotransplanted muscles, the cross-sectional area of the fibers shows a negative correlation with mean spike frequency and a positive correlation with mean amplitude. The mean frequency...

PURPOSE Fatigue of trunk muscle contributes to spinal instability over strenuous and prolonged physical tasks and therefore may lead to injury, however from a performance perspective, relation between endurance efficient core muscles and optimal balance control has not been well-known. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of trunk muscle endurance and static balance. METH...

We recorded whole scalp magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals simultaneously with the surface electromyogram from upper and lower limb muscles of six healthy right-handed adults during voluntary isometric contraction. The 15- to 33-Hz MEG signals, originating from the anterior bank of the central sulcus, i.e., the primary motor cortex, were coherent with motor unit firing in all subjects and fo...

1. Mechanical stimulation of individual tibia! campaniform sensilla produces specific reflex effects upon motoneurones to leg muscles. 2. The reflex effects of a campaniform sensillum depend upon the orientation of its cuticular cap. The proximal sensilla, oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the tibia, excite slow motoneurones to the extensor tibiae and extensor trochanteris muscles and ...

Quadrupeds maintain the dorsal side up body orientation due to the activity of the postural control system driven by limb mechanoreceptors. Binaural galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) causes a lateral body sway toward the anode. Previously, we have shown that this new position is actively stabilized, suggesting that GVS changes a set point in the reflex mechanisms controlling body posture. T...

Cutaneous afferent nerve fibres fall into two categories of fibre sizes, group II (6 to 16 ,t) and group III (2 to 3 ,i) (Ranson, Droegemueller, Davenport, and Fisher, 1935). Afferent fibres from the skin, together with high threshold joint afferents and groups II and III muscle afferents, are classed as flexion reflex afferents, part of the nociceptive reflex system of Sherrington (1906) subse...

The origins of impaired finger and hand function were examined in 10 stroke survivors with chronic spastic hemiparesis, with the intent of assessing whether mechanical restraint or altered neurophysiological control mechanisms are responsible for the well-known impairment of finger extension. Simultaneous extension of all four metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of the impaired hand was either ext...

Morphological study of the muscles of the lower extremity is necessary for the analysis of the muscular function and its relation with locomotion. In this study, the muscle weight of the lower extremities from 11 adult Japanese cadavers (6 males and 5 females, aged from 50 to 91 years old) were measured. The morphological characteristic of the human lower extremity is discussed based on the rel...

25 26 Quadrupeds maintain the dorsal side up body orientation due to the activity of the 27 postural control system driven by limb mechanoreceptors. Binaural galvanic vestibular 28 stimulation (GVS) causes a lateral body sway towards the anode. Previously we have 29 shown that this new position is actively stabilized, suggesting that GVS changes a set30 point in the reflex mechanisms controllin...