methods in this article we checked the derived data from 20 relevant studies published during the last 20 years in international scientific literature at other country except iran and 10 studies from iran. the variables dose-area product (dap), fluoroscopy time, number of sequences and frames per sequence were collected for each ca, ptca, rfa and diagnostic electrophysiology and then the obtain...

Implantation of intraocular lenses has become the standard of care in the aphakic state. Ideally, the lens is placed in the capsular bag, which affords stable fixation at a position closest to the nodal point of the eye. However, there will always be instances where this will not be possible. Congenital weakness of the lens zonules in various conditions, trauma, and surgical complications of ca...

Spontaneous rupture of spleen is a rare entity in the world of obstetrics and gynaecology. The obstetricians-gynaecologist has to confront with ruptured spleen sometimes in their practice. Ruptured spleen is not uncommon in trauma and some surgical procedures in upper abdomen. Splenic rupture after hysterectomy is exceedingly rare occurrence. However it should be considered as part of diagnosti...

Rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia enables performing diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures in the tracheobronchial tree. This technique is characterized by specific technical problems, insofar as the anesthesiologist and the operators share the same space, namely the airway. Several potential complications (hemorrhage inside the airway, threat to ventilation ...) may arise. These c...

To date, several accurate tests for diagnosing vascular ED may be chosen. It is necessary to be well aware of the purpose of testing: global assessment of erectile capacity in preparation for auto-injection therapy, or detailed assessment of arterial and erectile response in preparation for surgical treatment. Pharmacotesting may be sufficient for the majority of patients. Other, more invasive ...

spectrometric techniques for the analysis of trace lead have developed rapidly due to the increasing need for accurate measurements at extremely low levels of this element in diverse matrices. this review covers separation and preconcentration procedures, and considers the features of the application with several spectrometric techniques. the use of an appropriate sample handling technique is a...

A study was conducted in central Vietnam to measure the prevalence of reproductive tract infections among clients of a family planning clinic, and to determine the usefulness of simple, clinic-based diagnostic tests. The prevalence of such infections was moderate, with the majority being endogenous. Few cases of cervical infection were identified, and no clinical or sociodemographic variables p...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This editorial review summarizes the current anesthetic management of patients with anterior mediastinal masses. RECENT FINDINGS With increased appreciation of the correct intraoperative management of these cases severe intraoperative respiratory or cardiovascular collapse is less likely to occur during general anesthesia. Maintenance of spontaneous ventilation is the anesth...

today, the treatment of patellar luxations using current techniques has become a very common procedureas part of the surgical treatment. nevertheless, there are some doubts about such procedures in restraining the patella in lower grade cases. the purpose of the present retrospective clinical study was to determine theefficacy of the soft tissue and bone reconstructive procedures used for vario...