Increased expression of α-synuclein can initiate its long-distance brain transfer, representing a potential mechanism for pathology spreading in age-related synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease. In this study, the effects of overexpression-induced α-synuclein transfer were assessed over a 1-year period after injection of viral vectors carrying human α-synuclein DNA into the rat vagus ...

Multiple sclerosis and migraine with aura are clinically correlated and both show imaging changes suggestive of myelin disruption. Furthermore, cortical myelin loss in the cuprizone animal model of multiple sclerosis enhances susceptibility to spreading depression, the likely underlying cause of migraine with aura. Since multiple sclerosis pathology involves inflammatory T cell lymphocyte produ...

Macrophage migration and adhesion are important for the control of mycobacterial infection and are critically dependent on the reorganization of the cytoskeleton. Mycobacteria elicit rapid morphological changes, such as cell spreading, a process relevant to in vivo changes of macrophage shape during extravasation and migration. In this study, we investigated the BCG mycobacteria-induced signali...

The SNAP information extraction system has been developed as a part of a three-year SNAP projec t sponsored by the National Science Foundation. The main goal of the SNAP project is to build a massively parallel computer capable of fast and accurate natural language processing [5] . Throughout the project, a parallel computer was built in the Parallel Knowledge Processing Laboratory at USC, and ...

In this work, we present two complementary methods for the expansion of psycholinguistics norms. The first method is a randomtraversal spreading activation approach which transfers existing norms onto semantically related terms using notions of synonymy, hypernymy, and pertainymy to approach full coverage of the English language. The second method makes use of recent advances in distributional ...

An empirical study of human expert reasoning processes is presented. Its purpose is to test a model of how a human expert’s cognitive system learns to detect, and does detect, pertinent data and hypotheses. This process is called pertinence generation. The model is based on the phenomenon of spreading activation within semantic networks. Twenty-two radiologists were asked to produce diagnoses f...

This paper addresses two questions about computational innovative design: (1) How can a computer program recognize a good analogue for innovative design?, and (2) How can it eeciently nd one, once it knows how to recognize it? We answer question 1 by presenting a heuristic mapping engine that evaluates a candidate analogy based on features of the mappings between the devices' structures, behavi...

Most Artificial Intelligence theories of longuoge either assume o syntactic component which serves OS “front end” for the rest of the system, or else reject all attempts ot distinguishing modules within the comprehension system. In this paper we will present on alternotive which, while keeping modularity, will account for several puzzles for typical “syntax first” theories. The maior addition t...

Relational, XML and HTML data can be represented as graphs with entities as nodes and relationships as edges. Text is associated with nodes and possibly edges. Keyword search on such graphs has received much attention lately. A central problem in this scenario is to efficiently extract from the data graph a small number of the “best” answer trees. A Backward Expanding search, starting at nodes ...

This paper presents the analysis on the optimal settings of the spreading parameters of the spreading activation technique. The method is applied on the knowledge graph, an information representation technique that combines collaborative and content-based information. The evaluation of the recommendation technique is based on recommendation lists. The involved measures are precision, recall and...