Understanding the regional relationships between climate change and crop production will benefit strategic decisions for future agricultural adaptation in China. In this study, the combined effects of climatic factors on spring wheat phenophase and grain yield over the past three decades in Inner Mongolia, China, were explored based on the daily climate variables from 1981-2014 and detailed obs...

In our previous research, as the first step to realize a new SelfOrganizing Map model, we have proposed a simple one dimensional 2-neuron model connected by a nonlinear spring. This study proposes one dimensional 3-neuron model connected by a nonlinear spring in order to represent a relationship between the winner and its neighboring neurons in SOM algorithm. Furthermore, we consider two kinds ...

In view of the deficiency of the traditional methods, based on the grey theory, GM (1, 1) model is established to predict the groundwater level. The proposed model was applied to predict the groundwater level in Xiaonanhai Spring. The prediction result was compared with that of the traditional method and the reported results in the Xiaonanhai Spring. It is indicated that the performance of the ...

Landing mats that can undergo a large amount of area deformation are now essential for the safe completion of landings in gymnastics. The objective of this study was to develop an analytical model of a landing mat that reproduces the key characteristics of the mat-ground force during impact with minimal simulation run time. A force plate and two high-speed video cameras were used to record the ...

Budburst phenology is a key driver of ecosystem structure and functioning, and it is sensitive to global change. Both cold winter temperatures (chilling) and spring warming (forcing) are important for budburst. Future climate warming is expected to have a contrasting effect on chilling and forcing, and subsequently to have a non-linear effect on budburst timing. To clarify the different effects...

In this work, by replacing the traditional solid spokes with colloidal spokes, a vehicle wheel with a built-in suspension structure is proposed. Following the background and description of the wheel system, firstly, a vibration model of the wheel equipped with colloidal spokes is proposed, and based on such model the equivalent damping coefficients and spring constants are identified. Then, a m...

The Yoneda Lemma tells us that the Hom bifunctor is “non-degenerate” in a similar way. (a) For each object X ∈ C verify that hX := HomC(X,−) defines a functor C → Set. (b) Given two objects X,Y ∈ C state what it means to have hX ≈ hY as functors. (c) Given two objects X,Y ∈ C and an isomorphism of functors hX ≈ hY , prove that we have an isomorphism of objects X ≈ Y . [Hint: Let Φ : hX ∼ −→ hY ...