Current mitigation levels for noise transients impinging on marine mammals are specified by rms pressures. The rms measure critically relies upon choosing the size of averaging window for the squared pressures. Derivation of this window is not standardized, which can lead to 2-12 dB differences in rms sound pressure for the same wave forms. rms pressure does not represent the energy of the nois...

Localization is considered as one of the most significant research issues in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). The objective of localization is to determine the physical co-ordinates of sensor nodes distributed over the sensing field. Location information plays a vital role for coverage, deployment of sensor nodes, routing and target tracking applications. Initially, the localization of sensor nod...

The scaling of root mean square (RMS) wave aberration in an isometrically growing eye is investigated, along with changes due to measurements made at different relative pupil sizes. It is found that, relative to an initial state, if an eye expands in all directions by the factor k, and the wave aberration is then measured at a relative pupil size which has changed over the pupil size used for t...

We present a model of competitive interaction among n symmetric …rms producing a homongeous good that includes both Bertrand and Cournot competition as special cases. In our model the intensity of competition is captured by a single parameter –the perceived slope of competitors’supply functions. We show that total welfare increases monotonically with the intensity of competition and the number ...

We setup a model of competitive interaction among symmetric …rms producing a homogeneous good that includes both Bertrand and Cournot competition as special cases. In our model the intensity of competition is captured by a single parameter –the perceived slope of competitors’supply functions. We show when the number of …rms is …xed, total welfare increases monotonically with the degree of compe...

Maps of standing timber volume provide valuable decision support for forest managers and have therefore been the subject of recent studies. For map production, field observations are commonly combined with area-wide remote sensing data in order to formulate prediction models, which are then applied over the entire inventory area. The accuracy of such maps has frequently been described by parame...

as a medium between people and the city, urbanscape makes a mental connection between individuals and their surroundings. it is usually difficult to conceive this mental relationship and its corresponding processes with usual methods. this study seeks to address the mental aspects of urbanscape and highlight its role and importance by using an innovative method. in this study, map-based methods...

In 1977, Adleman, Manders and Miller had briefly described how to extend their square root extraction method to the general rth root extraction over finite fields, but not shown enough details. Actually, there is a dramatic difference between the square root extraction and the general rth root extraction because one has to solve discrete logarithms for rth root extraction. In this paper, we cla...

Sensor Node Localization is considered to be one of the most critical issues in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). The objective of localization is determination of physical co-ordinates of a group of sensor nodes. The location information plays a vital role for coverage, deployment of sensor nodes and rescue operations. Many applications such as routing and target tracking are all location depen...