Studies on experts' understanding of the public have mainly focused on the views of scientists. We add to the literature on constructions of the public by analyzing the views of decision-makers, professional science communicators and scientists involved in 'space' communication on the public and public participation in policy. Findings show that contextual situations and roles determine the way...

Despite many controversies, cost-benefit analysis (CBA) still been used in many countries as a tool in policy decision processes. More recently, public participation in these CBA processes has become an important issue for governments. However, CBA by itself does not provide a good environment for public participation. The major reasons for this are the lack of spatial disaggregation in CBA res...

Abstract There is a robust literature on the World Bank's shift toward participatory development in 1990s but scant attention to specific way which participation was defined terms of “stakeholder” inclusion. Rather than poor, NGOs, or some other constituency, framed stakeholders, all affected parties. Thus, there are two related outcomes explain: institutional practice and formation novel subje...

Understanding the factors leading each stakeholder to participate in an experimental trial is a key element for improving trial set-up and for identifying selection bias in statistical analyses. An experimental protocol, validated by the European Commission, was developed in France to assess the ability of the gamma-interferon test in terms of accuracy to replace the second intradermal skin tes...