We study dynamic signaling in a game of stochastic stakes. Each period, privately informed agent binary type chooses whether to continue receiving return that is an increasing function both her reputation and exogenous public stakes variable or irreversibly exit the game. A strong has dominant strategy continue. In unique perfect Bayesian equilibrium, weak plays mixed depends only on current hi...

BACKGROUND Clinical examinations increasingly consist of composite tests to assess all aspects of the curriculum recommended by the General Medical Council. SETTING A final undergraduate medical school examination for 214 students. AIM To estimate the overall reliability of a composite examination, the correlations between the tests, and the effect of differences in test length, number of i...

Mindfulness enhances emotion regulation and cognitive performance. A mindful approach may be especially beneficial in high-stakes academic testing environments, in which anxious thoughts disrupt cognitive control. The current studies examined whether mindfulness improves the emotional response to anxiety-producing testing situations, freeing working memory resources, and improving performance. ...

Many people are saying nowadays that what you know partly depends on what practical decisions you face (e.g. Stanley 2005; Fantl and McGrath 2009). This “pragmatic encroachment” thesis usually involves two different ideas. One idea is that knowledge plays a distinctive role in practical reasoning: you can act on what you know. The other idea is that knowledge is harder to achieve when more is a...

The discussion in Drs. Sanchez Escobedo and Hollingworth's paper independently confirms virtually all our observations regarding the psychometric and interpretive deficiencies of the Mexican norms for very high-stakes decisions, such as that involved in an Atkins hearing. Test publishers have an ethical obligation to caution potential users against the premature use of a developing assessment t...