The main purpose of this paper was to use a combination of Energy-based design method and whale algorithm (WOA), hereinafter referred to as E-WOA, to optimize steel moment frames and improve the seismic performance. In E-WOA, by properly estimating the seismic input energy and determining the optimal mechanism for the structure, steel frames are designed based on the energy balance method; acco...

This paper presents nonlinear elastic dynamic analysis of 3-D semi-rigid steel frames including geometric and connection nonlinearities. The geometric nonlinearity is considered by using stability functions and updating geometric stiffness matrix. The nonlinear behavior of the steel beam-to-column connection is considered by using a zero-length independent connection element comprising of six t...

Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) could be used to absorb the input energy of the applied load, and reduce the response of the building frames. However, the effectiveness of TMD in reducing the response of the building frames could be affected by inherited uncertainties in the structural characteristics of the frames. In this study, in order to investigate the probabilistic response of steel moment-res...

Depending on the tectonic activities, most buildings subject to multiple earthquakes, while a single design earthquake is suggested in most seismic design codes. Perhaps, the lack of easy assessment to second shock information and sometimes use of inappropriate methods in estimating these features cause successive earthquakes mainly were ignored in the analysis procedure. In order to overcome t...

one of the major purposes of optimization in civil engineering is to perform a suitable design for the structure. this goal has to fulfill technical criteria and contain the minimum economical costs. building frames are of the most customary civil engineering structures. therefore, optimization of these types of structures could be of a great concern from the economical viewpoints. one of the c...

In this paper, a simple and effective numerical approach is presented on the basis of the Member Discrete Element Method (MDEM) to investigate static and dynamic responses of steel frames with semi-rigid joints. In the MDEM, structures are discretized into a set of finite rigid particles. The motion equation of each particle is solved by the central difference method and two adjacent arbitraril...

Title of Document: NUMERICAL STUDY OF SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF HIGH STRENGTH STEEL REPLACEABLE SHEAR LINKS Huiling Hu Master of Science, 2015 Directed By: Yunfeng Zhang, Professor Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBFs) have been widely used in seismic protection and remediation in the recent years. However, the seismic behavior of shear links made of hig...

hysteretic dampers as the most practical passive control methods have improved the seismic performance of steel structures through energy dissipation induced by large inelastic deformations. among them in this paper, kbf (knee braced frames), a special form of braced frames having a diagonal brace connected to a knee element instead of beam-column joint, is investigated. in such systems, the kn...