Background: Needle stick injuries remain the main cause of Hep B, Hep C and HIV which lead to mortality and morbidity in health care providers especially in nurses all over the world. Although needle stick injuries have been well studied in developed countries, data from developing countries is limited. Aim & Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of needle stick injuries among nurses and its a...

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices among health care workers on needle stick injuries. Methods: A 15-item questionnaire was administered to seventy health care workers including nurses and paramedical staffs from different departments of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital to measure knowledge, attitude and practices on needle stick injuries....

We study numerically stick slip motions in a model of blocks and springs being pulled slowly. The sliding friction is assumed to change dynamically with a state variable. The transition from steady sliding to stick-slip is subcritical in a single block and spring system. However, we find that the transition is continuous in a long chain of blocks and springs. The size distribution of stick-slip...

By analogy with the formation of thin ®lms by deposition of individual atoms, it is proposed that apple juice haze is formed by a similar mechanism, employing a di€usion-limited-aggregation (DLA) model. Envelopes of water insoluble tannin droplets, bounded by a layer of partially coalesced droplets, `hit and stick' to form extensive assemblies of typical particles, of predictable shape. The imp...

The bovine serum albumin mutual diffusion coefficient D has been measured by photon correlation spectroscopy as a function of protein concentration. The solution viscosity ηsol has been obtained by following the diffusion of spherical probes added, at a small volume fraction, to the protein solution. It is found that D follows a fractional Stokes-Einstein relation D ∼ 1/ηsol R with R = 0.5 up t...

BACKGROUND Needle stick and sharps injuries are occupational hazards to healthcare workers. Every day healthcare workers are exposed to deadly blood borne pathogens through contaminated needles and other sharp objects. About twenty blood borne pathogens can be transmitted through accidental needle stick and sharp injury. The study was conducted to determine the lifetime and past one year preval...

18 Many dryland areas are being converted into intensively managed irrigation crops, what 19 can disrupt the hydrological regime, degrade soil and water quality, enhance siltation, 20 erosion and bank instability, and affect biological communities. Still, the impacts of 21 irrigation schemes on the functioning of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are poorly 22 understood. Here we assess the ef...

We study the spontaneous formation of granular towers produced when dry sand is poured on a wet sand bed. When the liquid content of the bed exceeds a threshold value W*, the impacting grains have a nonzero probability to stick on the wet grains due to instantaneous liquid bridges created during the impact. The trapped grains become wet by the capillary ascension of water and the process contin...