Novel bond-level molecular descriptors based on linear maps similar to those defined in algebra theory are proposed. The k edge-adjacency matrix (E) denotes the matrix of bond linear indices (non-stochastic) with respect to the canonical basis set. The k stochastic edge-adjacency matrix, ES, is here proposed as a new molecular representation easily calculated from E. Then, the k stochastic bond...

The Rational Expectations Permanent Income Hypothesis implies that consumption follows a martingale. However, most empirical tests have rejected the hypothesis. Those empirical tests are based on linear models. If the data generating process is non-linear, conventional tests may not assess some of the randomness properly. As a result, inference based on conventional tests of linear models can b...

For vectors $X, Yin mathbb{R}^{n}$, we say $X$ is left matrix majorized by $Y$ and write $X prec_{ell} Y$ if for some row stochastic matrix $R, ~X=RY.$ Also, we write $Xsim_{ell}Y,$ when $Xprec_{ell}Yprec_{ell}X.$ A linear operator $Tcolon mathbb{R}^{p}to mathbb{R}^{n}$ is said to be a linear preserver of a given relation $prec$ if $Xprec Y$ on $mathbb{R}^{p}$ implies that $TXprec TY$ on $mathb...

Finite-dimensional stationary dynamic control systems described by linear stochastic ordinary differential state equations with multiple point delays in control are considered. Using the notation, theorems and methods used for deterministic controllability problems for linear dynamic systems with delays in control as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for various kinds of stochastic re...

We introduce and study very general stochastic positive linear operators induced by general positive linear operators that are acting on continuous functions. These are acting on the space of real differentiable stochastic processes. Under some very mild, general and natural assumptions on the stochastic processes we produce related stochastic Shisha–Mond type inequalities of L-type 1 ≤ q < ∞ a...

In this paper, a numerical efficient method based on two-dimensional block-pulse functions (BPFs) is proposed to approximate a solution of the two-dimensional linear stochastic Volterra-Fredholm integral equation. Finally the accuracy of this method will be shown by an example.

For $A,Bin M_{nm},$ we say that $A$ is left matrix majorized (resp. left matrix submajorized) by $B$ and write $Aprec_{ell}B$ (resp. $Aprec_{ell s}B$), if $A=RB$ for some $ntimes n$ row stochastic (resp. row substochastic) matrix $R.$ Moreover, we define the relation $sim_{ell s} $ on $M_{nm}$ as follows: $Asim_{ell s} B$ if $Aprec_{ell s} Bprec_{ell s} A.$ This paper characterizes all linear p...

The analysis of partially observed stochastic control problems often replaces the unknown state process with its conditional distribution given the observations. This technique rewrites the dynamics in terms of knowable processes whose costs coincide with the original processes. This paper considers stochastic processes having singular behavior and presents an approach which separates the deter...