Post-translational modification of lysine residues by NƐ-acylation is an important regulator of protein function. Many large-scale protein acylation studies have assessed relative changes of lysine acylation sites after antibody enrichment using mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Although relative acylation fold-changes are important, this does not reveal site occupancy, or stoichiometry, of i...

Precisely knowing the stoichiometry of their components is critical for investigating structure, assembly, and function of macromolecular machines. This has remained a technical challenge in particular for large, hydrophobic membrane-spanning protein complexes. Here, we determined the stoichiometry of a type III secretion system of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium using two complementary...

Magnetite (Fe3O4) is a commonly found in the environment and can form via several pathways, including biotic and abiotic reduction of Fe oxides and the oxidation of Fe and Fe. Despite extensive research, the redox behavior of magnetite is poorly understood. In previous work, the extent and kinetics of contaminant reduction by magnetite varied by several orders of magnitude between studies, two ...

BACKGROUND Variation in microbial metabolism poses one of the greatest current uncertainties in models of global carbon cycling, and is particularly poorly understood in soils. Biological Stoichiometry theory describes biochemical mechanisms linking metabolic rates with variation in the elemental composition of cells and organisms, and has been widely observed in animals, plants, and plankton. ...

(Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with bandgaps of ∼1.45 eV a large spread in absorber stoichiometry are characterized the intention assessing effect composition on stability devices. This material is observed to have poor diffusion length, leading very strong dependence upon depletion region width for charge carrier collection. The depend strongly value and shrunk significantly after an initial pe...


One of the topics in general chemistry that has often given students problems is stoichiometry. Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that attempts to quantify the measured relationships or ratios between two or more items. The importance of stoichiometry is not lost among those who practice it, mostly chemists or chemical engineers. For the novice learner it is difficult to see what is bey...