introduction maceral is a term to introduce organic components visible under a microscope (stopes, 1935). the physical and chemical characteristics of macerals such as elemental composition, moisture content, hardness, density and petrographic characteristics differ. the differences in the physical and chemical characteristics of macerals are reflected in their industrial behavior.(parkash, 198...

Bottom ashes collected from ESP and baghouse of seven pulverized coal-fired power plants using subbituminous and bituminous coal and a fluidized bed combustor using crushed bituminous coal were examined for their mineralogy and elemental composition. The results presented in this paper are based on the average of three samples collected from each power plant. The mineralogy of each sample was d...

The article presents a plasma chemical technology for processing solid fuels, using examples of bituminous and brown coals. Thermodynamic and experimental investigation of the technology was made. The technology allows producing synthesis gas from the coal organic mass and valuable components (technical silicon, ferrosilicon, aluminum, and carbon silicon, as well as microelements of rare metals...

Occupational epidemiology has its roots in classical medicine. However, it became a quantitative discipline only in the 20th century, through the pioneering work of individuals such as Case, Lloyd, and Selikoff and organizations such as the Division of Occupational Health of the U.S. Public Health Service. Studies of chemical dye workers, bituminous coal miners, smelting workers, and uranium mi...

This surveillance report examines trends in selected pneumoconioses in the U.S. for 1968–2005 and their relationship with past indicators of extent of exposure. Numbers of deaths with asbestosis, silicosis, and coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) were tabulated by time and age at death. Worker monitoring CWP prevalence data were tabulated by tenure group. Information on indicators of extent and ...

Poor adhesion between two successive bituminous layers causes adverse effects on the structural strength of the pavement and develops a numbers of premature failure. To improve the adhesion, it is a general practice to apply a tack coat over an existing or newly constructed bituminous surface before laying another bituminous layer. The main objective of this study is to explore the influence of...

Extracts from a peat, a low-rank coal and a bituminous oíl shale obtained with liquid carbon dioxide were studied by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and compared with those obtained by Soxhlet extraetion with n-hexane. Although the extraetion yields with liquid carbon dioxide were lower, the composition of the extraets, comprising mainly a large variety of linear and cyclic hydro...

Oxy-fuel coal combustion with flue gas re-circulation is known to be one of the most promising methods for reducing CO2 emissions from coal combustion power plants. In the oxy-fuel system, the combustion atmosphere consists of only O2 separated from air and flue gas re-circulated from a stack. Therefore, the flue gas is dominated by CO2 without any nitrogen gas. The most attractive potential as...

Propylene and acetylene are released to mine air with the increase in the temperature of self-heating coal. Concentrations of these gases in mine air are applied as indicators of the progress of the self-heating process. Hydrocarbons emitted from the self-ignition center are sorbed on coal, while migrating through the mine workings. Coal crushed during the mining process is characterized by a h...

In this work, char gasification of two coals (i.e., Shenfu bituminous coal and Zunyi anthracite) and a petroleum coke under a steam and CO2 mixture (steam/CO2 partial pressures, 0.025–0.075 MPa; total pressures, 0.100 MPa) and CO2/steam chemisorption of char samples were conducted in a Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA). Two conventional kinetic models exhibited difficulties in exactly fitting th...