It has been established both theoretically and experimentally (Fig. 1) that sound, when propagating in the ocean, has a tendency to form ribbon like structures some of which can be of relatively high intensity. The scientific objective of this project is to establish the reasons why these ribbons form, to find out what determines their position and lifetimes, and especially how they change when...

Title of dissertation: SIMULATION MODELING OF FLIGHT DYNAMICS, CONTROL AND TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION OF ROTORCRAFT TOWING SUBMERGED LOADS Ananth Sridharan, Doctor of Philosophy, 2014 Dissertation directed by: Professor Roberto Celi Department of Aerospace Engineering This work presents the mathematical modeling and analysis of helicopters towing submerged loads using long cables for sub-surface o...

1 General Introduction New methods for marine salvage and decommissioning of structures in the open sea are continually being sought in order to improve control and lower operational costs [1]. The concept design of a lightweight, cryogenic, marine, heavy lift, buoyancy system has been investigated [2]. The objective is to be able to raise or lower high mass objects controlled solely from a sur...

For the successful operation of aerobic fermentations it is essential to supply the microorganiisms with sufficient oxygen to meet their requirements at any stage in the process. Failure to supply enough oxygen may lead to undesirable changes in enzymatic makeup (Rolinson, 1952) or death of the organisms (Hromatka et al., 1951), with a subsequent lower yield of the desired product. In general, ...

Submerged membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been gaining in popularity in various types of wastewater treatment. One drawback of submerged MBRs is the difficulty in removing nitrogen because intensive aeration is usually carried out in the tank and the MBRs must therefore be operated under aerobic condition. In this paper, feasibility of a baffled MBR (BMBR), treating municipal wastewater partic...

Cathodic Protection is the " Electrical " method of controlling and stopping the rust process of underground/submerged steel pipelines and structures.

The use of time-frequency entropy to quantitatively assess the stability of alternating current square wave submerged arc welding process considering the distribution features of arc energy is reported in this paper. Time-frequency entropy is employed to calculate and analyze the current signals under different duty cycle, frequency and welding speed in the submerged arc welding process. It is ...

Production of different pectinolytic enzymes was attempted using the actinomycete strain Streptomyces lydicus in submerged fermentation. Polygalacturonase and pectin lyase activities were detected in the culture supernatant, but the strain was not able to produce pectin esterase. Polygalacturonase production was studied in submerged, slurry-state and solid-state fermentation systems. All the ex...

Deep vertical line arrays can exploit the reliable acoustic path (RAP), which provides low transmission loss (TL) for targets at moderate ranges, and increased TL for distant interferers. However, nearby surface interference also has favorable RAP propagation and cannot be separated from a submerged target without horizontal aperture. In this work, a physics-based Fourier transform variant is i...

Plackett-Burman experimental design was used to screen important medium components influencing the production of polyribosyl ribitol phosphate by Haemophilus influenzae type-B under submerged fermentation. Eleven media parameters such as Glutamic acid, Yeast extract, cystein, dextrose, NAD, heamin, NaCl, NH4Cl, Na2HPO4, KCl, and MgSO4.7H2O were screened in twelve experimental runs as per the de...