The development and expression of the midbrain dopamine system is determined in part by genetic factors that vary across individuals such that dopamine-related genes are partly responsible for addiction vulnerability. However, a complete account of how dopamine-related genes predispose individuals to drug addiction remains to be developed. Adopting an intermediate phenotype approach, we investi...

The Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence Past, Present, and Future: The Nathan B. Eddy Memorial Lecture E. L. May Precursors of Addiction David N. Nurco Developmental Epidemiological Studies of Substance Use in Woodlawn: Implications for Prevention Research Strategy Sheppard C. Kellam, C. Hendricks Brown, and John P. Fleming Susceptibility to Substance Abuse Among American Indians: Variatio...

We use polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD) to predict smoking, and addiction to nicotine, alcohol or drugs in individuals not diagnosed with psychotic disorders. Using PRSs for 144 609 subjects, including 10 036 individuals admitted for in-patient addiction treatment and 35 754 smokers, we find that diagnoses of various substance use disorders and smo...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cognitive bias modification (CBM) interventions, presumably targeting automatic processes, are considered particularly promising for addictions. We conducted a meta-analysis examining randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CBM for substance addiction outcomes. METHODS Studies were identified through systematic searches in bibliographical databases. We included RCTs of CBM ...

This commentary supports the argument that there is an increasing tendency to subsume a range of excessive daily behaviors under the rubric of non-substance related behavioral addictions. The concept of behavioral addictions gained momentum in the 1990s with the recent reclassification of pathological gambling as a non-substance behavioral addiction in DSM-5 accelerating this process. The prope...

Patients with substance abuse problems are common in general medical practice and include people of all ages and socioeconomic groups. Initial diagnosis and treatment of addiction problems are often done by the primary care practitioner before referral to a specialist. This article provides information to help in recognition of addiction, guidelines for treatment of intoxication and withdrawal ...

Introduction The relevance of behavioral addictions (like gambling or internet gaming disorder) is growing constantly - not only in clinical practice, but also as a topic addiction research. Furthermore, were found to share similar neurobiological mechanisms with substance-use disorders like alcohol drug addiction. Cue reactivity well-established concept study an important addiction: craving, w...

It may seem strange but the substance dependence is in itself a recognized psychiatric illness. Research studies are looking in to the mental health illness leading to addiction and the addiction leading to psychiatric and physical morbidity vice versa. According to the review of research for the factors involved in addiction behavior has been discussed rigorously and still it is going on. Addi...

This study relies on knowledge regarding the neuroplasticity of dual-system components that govern addiction and excessive behavior and suggests that alterations in the grey matter volumes, i.e., brain morphology, of specific regions of interest are associated with technology-related addictions. Using voxel based morphometry (VBM) applied to structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans of ...