The common view that stopping action plans by the basal ganglia is achieved mainly subthalamic nucleus alone due to its direct excitatory projection onto output nuclei of has been challenged recent findings. proposed “pause-then-cancel” model suggests provides a rapid stimulus-unspecific “pause” signal, followed stop-cue-specific “cancel” signal from striatum-projecting arkypallidal neurons. To...

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery has become increasingly utilized in the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease. Over the past decade, a number of studies have demonstrated that DBS is superior to best medical management in appropriately selected patients. The primary targets for DBS in Parkinson's disease include the subthalamic nucleus and the internal segment of the globus pallidus, b...

An important mechanism for large-scale interactions between cortical areas involves coupling between the phase and the amplitude of different brain rhythms. Could basal ganglia disease disrupt this mechanism? We answered this question by analysis of local field potentials recorded from the primary motor cortex (M1) arm area in patients undergoing neurosurgery. In Parkinson disease, coupling bet...

Methods: In 25 patients suffering from severe levodopa sensitive parkinsonism, deep brain stimulating electrodes (n = 49) were implanted following mapping of the subthalamic nucleus by microrecording and microstimulation along five parallel tracks. Postoperative stereotactic radiography and fusion of preand postoperative MRI studies were used to determine the stereotactic position relative to t...

OBJECTIVE Relatively little is known about the effects of deep brain stimulation on non-motor symptoms. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the impact of deep brain stimulation on sleep and olfactory function in Parkinson's disease. METHODS Subjective sleep quality and olfactory testing were performed on 11 consecutive Parkinson's disease patients (eight men and three women) undergoing ...

The role of oxytocin in attenuating the abuse of licit and illicit drugs, including the psychostimulant methamphetamine, has been examined with increased ferocity in recent years. This is largely driven by the potential application of oxytocin as a pharmacotherapy. However, the neural mechanisms by which oxytocin modulates methamphetamine abuse are not well understood. Recent research identifie...

High-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus is a neurosurgical procedure for the alleviation of motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease and debilitating medication-induced dyskinesias. Stimulation is achieved with electrodes implanted stereotactically in the subthalamic nucleus by a neurosurgeon specializing in stereotactic surgery and a team composed of an anesthesiologist, a neurophys...

Stereotactic surgery is based on a high degree of accuracy in defining and localising intracranial targets and placing surgical tools. Brain shift can influence its accuracy significantly. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus can markedly change the quality of life of patients with advanced Parkinson's disease, but the outcome depends on the quality of electrode placement. A patien...

Non-ketotic hyperglycemia with hemichorea-Hemiballismus (HGSC) is a rare complication of non-equilibrated diabetic disease characterized by continuous rapid, non-rhythmic, involuntary unilateral movement the extremities, caused in most cases decreased activity contralateral subthalamic nucleus basal ganglia. It may reveal undiagnosed diabetes. We describe here case an 84-year-old Moroccan woman...