Gaussian processes are a powerful, non-parametric tool that can be be used in supervised learning, namely in regression but also in classification problems. The main advantages of this method are the ability of GPs to provide uncertainty estimates and to learn the noise and smoothness parameters from training data. The aim of this short tutorial is to provide the basic theoretical aspects of Ga...

Eighteen digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examinations were retrospectively evaluated for factors that led to their erroneous interpretation. Overlapping vessels obscured pathologic conditions in five cases. In four cases the lesions were not adequately profiled by the DSA projections. Eight lesions were rendered inconspicuous by misregistration artifacts attributable to motion, either fro...

We present 3 methods for the subtraction of non-cosmic and unresolved cosmic backgrounds observed by the Low-Energy Concentrator Spectrometer (LECS) on-board BeppoSAX. Removal of these backgrounds allows a more accurate modeling of the spectral data from point and small-scale extended sources. At high (>|25|) galactic latitudes, subtraction using a standard background spectrum works well. At lo...

vertebral anomalies may also distort the normal regional or global spinal alignment and necessitate some therapeutic interventions. hemiepiphysiodesis is a traditional procedure usually described for these young patients but in more severe cases some type of osteotomy seems to be necessary. in this technical note, we describe a 5-year-old boy with failed previous hemiepiphysiodesis surgery, who...

Quantitative measurement of myocardium perfusion is possible with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using a semiconductor detector. However, accumulation of 99mTc-tetrofosmin in the liver may make it difficult to assess that accurately in the inferior myocardium. Our idea is to reduce the high accumulation in the liver by using dynamic SPECT imaging and a technique called time ...

The main objective of this paper is to develop multiple human object tracking approach based on motion estimation and detection, background subtraction, shadow removal and occlusion detection. A reference frame is initially used and considered as background information. While a new object enters into the frame, the foreground information and background information are identified using the refer...

By use of dynamic subtraction it is feasible to adopt phase-sensitive detection with a CCD camera to reduce long-term optical background drift. We report on a two-order improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio. The improved system is used to image terahertz field distribution generated by an optically rectified electro-optic crystal with a modulation depth as small as 10(-4). We also introduce ...

The association between carotid artery disease, transient ischemic attack (TIA), and stroke has been recognized for many years. There still appears to be some controversy over the accuracy of lesion detection with intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA) as compared with film screen technique. We describe a prospective study that took place over a period of nearly 4 years with 30 c...

BACKGROUND Minimally invasive surgery in the field of traumatic vascular injury diagnosis and treatment has achieved good results. This study was designed to determine whether pre-hospital emergency intervention is feasible for vascular injury in a field intervention cabin under the condition of war or a disaster site. METHODS Different types of animal experiments of vascular injury intervent...