On February 29, 2012, Sandoz Canada announced a disruption to the supply of its many injectable medications in Canada, including vitamin B12 (VB12) while it upgraded operations to meet US Food and Drug Administration standards.1 This disruption forced Canadian physicians and pharmacists to find alternative sources or make therapeutic substitutions until the shortage was resolved. This shortage ...

We introduce several new resilience metrics for quantifying the resilience of critical material supply chains to disruptions and validate these metrics using the 2010 rare earth element (REE) crisis as a case study. Our method is a novel application of Event Sequence Analysis, supplemented with interviews of actors across the entire supply chain. We discuss resilience mechanisms in quantitative...

Risk for an organization is associated with uncertainties in all areas of its operations. As firms move toward global sourcing, supply chain risk increases dramatically, which is linked to lower financial performance and market value. One major type of supply chain risk is disruptions caused by natural or man-made disasters. In this paper, major factors causing supply chain disruptions are iden...

BACKGROUND A percutaneous cerclage wiring technique has been developed to reduce iatrogenic soft tissue and vascular disruption associated with classic cerclage fixation. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent of femoral vascular disruption resulting iatrogenically from the application of two percutaneous cerclage wire loops. METHODS Pairs of cerlage wire loops were...

Because of the recent deterioration security and stability in world, disruption supply chains due to COVID-19, paying attention national defence industries became supre...

We consider a model of cake-eating with private information. The model captures phenomena such as trust and “security of supply” in resource-use relationships. It also predicts supply shocks as an equilibrium phenomenon: privately informed sellers have incentives to reveal resource scarcity too late, through a supply disruption, after which they exploit the consumers’ inability to immediately a...

Neuronal computation is energetically expensive. Consequently, the brain's limited energy supply imposes constraints on its information processing capability. Most brain energy is used on synaptic transmission, making it important to understand how energy is provided to and used by synapses. We describe how information transmission through presynaptic terminals and postsynaptic spines is relate...

Recovering from unanticipated disasters is critical in today’s global market. This paper examines the effectiveness of popular recovery strategies used to address unpredictable disasters that derail supply chains. We create a formal model to portray dynamic operational performance among supply chain firms facing disruptions caused by natural and man-made disasters. Our analysis shows that a sup...

This paper studied pricing, service level, and production quantity decision problems in a supply chain with one manufacturer and one retailer under demand and production cost disruptions. The joint impact of demand and production cost disruptions on optimal pricing, service level, and production decisions in centralized and decentralized supply chain was analyzed, respectively. By solving the o...