We surveyed the epidemiology of the patients in a tertiary burn care centre (the Motahari Burn Hospital) in Tehran in the 4-yr period 2005-2009. Scalding was the major cause of burn injury for patients under the age of 6, while there were many more flame and electrical burns in late childhood. Males were mainly affected (male to female ratio, 1.7:1). Most burns occurred in the summer, probably ...

The flame and soot structure, including soot primary particle nucleation, surface growth and oxidation properties, of 6 premixed and 20 diffusion flames were studied experimentally for various fuels, at temperatures of 1400-2350 K and at pressures of 13-811 kPa (0.1-8.0 atm). Measurements were made along the axes of flames with the reactants at normal temperature (300 K). The following properti...

A statistical analysis is conducted for turbulent hydrogen-air premixed flames at a range of Karlovitz numbers up to 1,126 by direct numerical simulations (DNS) with detailed chemistry. The local and global burning velocities are evaluated the deviation from laminar flame speed assessed. It found that largely determined integral length scale than number, due surface area enhancement. in all exa...

background and objectives: the burn injuries are one of the serious public health problems which impose a high economic burden on patients and their family, health sector and community in general. this study aimed to explore epidemiological data of burn patients and factors influencing costs of hospitalization due to burn injuries in kermanshah province situated in western iran.   methods: the ...

This Note is concerned with the speed of propagation of a chemical reaction in a fast, steady and non uniform flow, which may apply to flame propagation in some instances. The structure of the flow is 1) a parallel shear flow with velocity perpendicular to the average front, where the flame speed is close to the maximum flow speed toward the fresh gases 2) a periodic cellular structure where th...

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Wind-blown pool fire accidents in a ventilated tunnel usually pose and present serious risks to properties personal safety. In this paper, the flame characteristics flow field changes of fires under combined influence baffles crosswinds were investigated using wind experiments numerical simulations. The reveal that length increases first, then decreases with increasing crosswind speeds up 3 m/s...

A physical model of a linear flame front spreading over a pine needle fuel bed was developed in our previous work. The model agrees well with the experimental data on rate of fire spread (ROS) for lower slope angles, while the ROS values are overestimated under higher slope angles. This is possibly due to the overestimate of the radiative heating or underestimate of the convective cooling, caus...

The design and optimization of liquid-fuel rocket engines is a major scientific and technological challenge. Despite some sixty years of continuous development, basic features such as flame length, flame stabilization, ignition or the occurrence of combustion instabilities are still difficult to predict. The numerical simulation of such flows is made particularly challenging by the extreme ther...

The gaseous by-product from natural or industrial processes which contain a small concentration of combustible gases is called a low-grade fuel or low calorific value gases (LCVG). Identifying the best strategy for efficient burning of such gases, where there is a bulk production, becomes inevitable to improve the efficiency of a system and reduction of pollutants emission. LCVGs have calorific...