In (3) φ is an arbitrary test function and ρ the density of the fluid. In consequence, to calculate the acoustic field and thus, to solve the acoustic wave equation, the impedance Za on the surface Γ has to be known. Hence, a measurement technique to determine the acoustic impedance is of great importance, because a realistic sound field can only be calculated, if the real acoustic impedance at...

We present a study of an electrical model of electromechanically active carbon-polymer composite (CPC) with carbide-derived carbon (CDC) electrodes. The major focus is on investigation of surface electrode behavior upon external bending of the material. We show that electrical impedance measured from the surface of the CDC-based CPC can be used to determine the curvature of the material and, he...

This paper presents a projective reconstruction method of electrical impedance distribution using two boundary measurements of current-voltage data. The proposed method has a major advantage over existing electrical impedance tomography systems: relatively high resolution impedance image in a near-surface region underneath the voltage-sensing probe that is placed on a skin surface. We attach tw...

A new impedance boundary condition method for calculating the series impedance of lossy quasi-TEM transmission lines is presented. Previous techniques using a more standard impedance boundary condition are typically limited to high frequency where the impedance boundary conditions can be easily approximated due to its localized characteristics in that limit. The new impedance boundary condition...

Recently, a widely use of High Impedance Surface (HIS) structures in several applications such as in radar and telecommunication systems have been described in the literature. An interesting characteristic of the High Impedance Surface (HIS) is that it can be used to reduce the mutual coupling between microstrip antennas. In this paper, firstly the band-gap features of three types of high imped...

This paper presents a comprehensive study of the self-assembly dynamics and the biosensing efficacy of Tobacco mosaic virus-like particle (TMV VLP) sensing probes using an impedimetric microsensor platform. TMV VLPs are high surface area macromolecules with nanorod structures constructed from helical arrangements of thousands of identical coat proteins. Genetically modified TMV VLPs express bot...

OBJECTIVE Mitral regurgitation (MR) is generally characterised as exhibiting a 'low impedance leak into the left atrium'. This notion is widely accepted without measured impedance data. The aim of this study was to define the impedance to retrograde and forward blood flow and to examine hydraulic (pressure-volume) and mechanical (stress-shortening) function in chronic severe MR. METHODS A mat...

The Tanita body-fat analyser is a novel device to estimate body fat, based on the principles of bioelectrical impedance. It differs from other impedance systems which use surface electrodes in that the subjects stand bare-footed on a metal sole-plate which incorporates the electrodes, hence impedance is measured through the legs and lower trunk. In 104 men and 101 women (16-78 years and BMI 16-...

background and objectives: lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp bulgaricus is widely used in dairy industries as a starter for yogurt production. this study was designed using response surface methodology (rsm) in 12 batch ph-controlled cultures of lactobacillus delbrueckii sub-ssp. bulgaricus for determining the effect of temperature and ph on the biomass production of a native strain of l. bulgaricu...

Singular layers modelled by a tangential diffusion process supported on an embedded closed surface (of co-dimension 1) have found applications in tomography problems. In optical tomography they may model the propagation of photons in thin clear layers, which are known to hamper the use of classical diffusion approximations. In impedance tomography they may be used to model thin regions of very ...