Arsenic is a contaminant in the groundwater of Holocene aquifers in Bangladesh, where approximately 57 million people drink water with arsenic levels exceeding the limits set by the World Health Organization. Although arsenic is native to the sediments, the means by which it is released to groundwater remains unresolved. Contrary to the current paradigm, ferric (hydr)oxides appear to dominate t...

1. Overview of Significance 2. Sources and Characteristics of Particulate Material 3. Colloid and Sediment Dynamics in Surface Water Systems 3.1. Colloid Aggregation and Settling 3.2. Sediment Resuspension 4. Colloid Dynamics in Groundwater Systems 5. Contaminant Sources 6. Trace Elements Fate and Transport 7. Fate and Transport of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants 8. Conclusions Glossary Biblio...

loess deposit is one of the most important quaternary deposits of northeastern parts of iran which have high erosion rate. this study was performed with field- rainfall- simulator which has a plot area of 1 m2 in gorganrood drainage basin to determine the effective factors on sediment yield. landuse, slope and erosion feature maps were overlaid in gis to obtain land unit map. then on work units...

The Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California) hydrothermal vent area is known as a dynamic and hydrothermally vented sedimentary system, where the advection and production of a variety of different metabolic substrates support a high microbial diversity and activity in the seafloor. The main objective of our study was to explore the role of temperature and other environmental factors on community dive...

The ability to compare the composition and metabolic potential of microbial communities inhabiting the subsurface sediment in geographically distinct locations is one of the keys to understanding the evolution and function of the subsurface biosphere. Prospective areas for study of the subsurface biosphere are the sites of hydrocarbon discharges on the bottom of the Lake Baikal rift, where asce...

UNLABELLED The South Pacific Gyre (SPG) possesses the lowest rates of sedimentation, surface chlorophyll concentration, and primary productivity in the global oceans. As a direct result, deep-sea sediments are thin and contain small amounts of labile organic carbon. It was recently shown that the entire SPG sediment column is oxygenated and may be representative of up to a third of the global m...

Habitat-modifying organisms that impact other organisms and local functioning are important in determining ecosystem resilience. However, it is often unclear how the outcome of interactions performed by key species varies depending on the spatial and temporal disturbance context which makes the prediction of disturbance-driven regime shifts difficult. We investigated the strength and generality...

The importance of mangrove forests in carbon sequestration and coastal protection has been widely acknowledged. Large-scale damage of these forests, caused by hurricanes or clear felling, can enhance vulnerability to erosion, subsidence and rapid carbon losses. However, it is unclear how small-scale logging might impact on mangrove functions and services. We experimentally investigated the impa...

The offshore displacement of commercial bottom trawling has raised concerns about the impact of this destructive fishing practice on the deep seafloor, which is in general characterized by lower resilience than shallow water regions. This study focuses on the flanks of La Fonera (or Palamós) submarine canyon in the Northwestern Mediterranean, where an intensive bottom trawl fishery has been act...

Researchers have independently documented the effects of land use on rivers and threats to river management institutions, but the relationship between changes in institutional context and river condition is not well described. This study assesses the connections between resource management institutions, land use, and rivers by integrating social science, geospatial analysis, and geomorphology. ...