This paper examines the microbial quality of treated RBC (Rotating Biological Contactor) and MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) light greywater along a continuous pilot-scale reuse system for toilet flushing, quantifies the efficiency of UV disinfection unit, and evaluates the regrowth potential of selected microorganisms along the system. The UV disinfection unit was found to be very efficient in reduc...

We investigated the microbial contamination of suction tubes attached to wall-type suction instruments. Microbial contamination of suction tubes used for endoscopy or sputum suction in hospital wards was examined before and after their disinfection. In addition, disinfection and washing methods for suction tubes were evaluated. Suction tubes (n=33) before disinfection were contaminated with 10(...

During the COVID-19 pandemic, use of disinfectants, alcohol-based hand sanitizers, and antiseptic wash has surged. As a precaution, many authorities have also increased chlorine dosage in wastewater disinfection to achieve free residual concentration greater than 6.5 mg/liter (1), despite evidence that just above 0.5 can completely inactivate human coronavirus (2). These chemicals reach aquatic...

In infectious diseases we can discern a cause and effect chain, which in particular offers the practicable perspectives of prophylaxis and treatment. However, to date we have not been able to control them. Apart from new epidemics, such as those caused by HIV and SARS, long-forgotten scourges like TB are enjoying a comeback. Furthermore, the advances made in clinical medicine mean that induced ...

Health care-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant issue in the United States and throughout the world, but following proper hand hygiene practices is the most effective and least expensive way to prevent HAIs. Hand hygiene is inexpensive and protects patients and health care personnel alike. The four general types of hand hygiene that should be performed in the perioperative environmen...

Background/Aim. There is no standard protocol for cleaning and desinfection of used endodontic instruments before their sterilization reuse. The aim this study wss to check the efficiency different methods removing biological debris from type hand stainless steel instruments. Methods. A total 120 (forty Kerr-Reamers, Kerr-Files Hedstr?m-Files) (Shenzhen Denco Medical Co., Ltd. Guangdong, China)...

Ultrasound probes are used in sonographic scanning and are commonly used as either surface probes or endocavitary probes. Surface probes are used on intact skin, such as the abdomen; they are considered noncritical and require at least low-level disinfection between patients. Endocavitary probes (eg, transvaginal, transrectal, or transesophageal probes) are considered semicritical because they ...

BACKGROUND Environmental cleanliness is one of the contributing factors for surgical site infections in the operating rooms (ORs). To decrease environmental contamination, pulsed xenon ultraviolet (PX-UV), an easy and safe no-touch disinfection system, is employed in several hospital environments. The positive effect of this technology on environmental decontamination has been observed in patie...