Paediatric airway management is a great challenge, especially for anaesthesiologists working in departments with a low number of paediatric surgical procedures. The paediatric airway is substantially different from the adult airway and obstruction leads to rapid desaturation in infants and small children. This paper aims at providing the non-paediatric anaesthesiologist with a set of safe and s...

Many countries are stockpiling face masks for use as a nonpharmaceutical intervention to control virus transmission during an influenza pandemic. We conducted a prospective cluster-randomized trial comparing surgical masks, non-fit-tested P2 masks, and no masks in prevention of influenza-like illness (ILI) in households. Mask use adherence was self-reported. During the 2006 and 2007 winter seas...

It has become a general practice worldwide to wear face mask serving as barrier against the transmission of pathogens. This prompted us investigate whether masks could also protect our skin from UV radiation. We have studied eight masks, four surgical and “homemade” using an in vitro method. The study demonstrated that they all offered protection both UVB UVA As with clothing, fabric offer high...

An experiment coupled with a computational analysis was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of surgical masks, which include KF94 and ASTM Level 1, in an indoor environment. The mask sample shows highest filtration efficiency (99.9%) analysis. simulation is consistent experimental results as concentration sodium chloride (NaCl) droplets < 4% on average room. ultraviolet-C (UVC) irradiati...

An approach which promotes a rapid return to spontaneous respiration after tracheobronchial stent (TBS) insertion is considered the optimal one and is a belief shared by anaesthetists, respiratory physicians, and surgeons alike (Calvey and William (2008)). The value of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA), followed by use of the Monsoon 111 Acutronic jet ventilator pressure limiting system of ventil...

BACKGROUND Knowledge and practice about air pollution are essential subjects in special groups such as cardio-pulmonary patients. For children with air pollution-related diseases, knowledge and attitude of parents play a determining role in this respect. Since providing a coherent curriculum needs evidence-based information, this survey was conducted to assess the knowledge and practice of asth...

To the Editor: We report results of the effect of inactivated seasonal influenza vaccination on risk of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in a cohort of nurses in Canada who participated in a recent randomized controlled trial that compared the effectiveness of surgical masks with that of N95 respirators in preventing influenza (1). From September 23, 2008, through December 8, 2008, a total of 446 nurses fr...

Soon after identification of novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infections in the United States in mid-April 2009, CDC provided interim recommendations to reduce the risk for transmission in health-care settings. These included recommendations on use of personal protective equipment (PPE), management of health-care personnel (HCP) after unprotected exposures, and instruction of ill HCP not to repor...

Aneurysmal dilatation of the left atrium occurs in mitral incompetence (Parsonnet, Bernstein, and Martland, 1946) and in mitral stenosis (Venner, 1954), and its presence may mask the underlying mitral lesion by modifying the left atrial pressure pulse (Fairley, 1961) and the indicator-dilution curve (Nixon and Snow, 1962). The purpose of this communication is to describe the important clinical,...

Inhalation of indoor radon ((222)Rn) and thoron ((220)Rn) decay products is the most important source of exposure to ionizing radiation for the human respiratory tract. Decreasing ventilation rates due to energy saving reasons in new buildings suggest additional active mitigation techniques to reduce the exposure in homes with high radon and thoron concentrations but poor ventilation. Filtratio...