Polyembryony-the production of multiple cloned embryos from a single fertilised egg-is a seemingly paradoxical combination of reproductive modes that nevertheless persists in diverse taxa. We document features of polyembryony in the Cyclostomata (Bryozoa)-an ancient order of modular colonial marine invertebrates-that suggest a substantial reduction in the paradoxical nature of this enigmatic re...

Herein, we report a novel and solvent-free technique for the encapsulation of pharmaceuticals that allows achieving controllable release rates. This method utilizes the deposition of a plasma polymer coating of controlled chemistry and thickness on the outer surface of drug particles placed under continuous agitation.

In this study, Damar Batu (DB) − a novel biomaterial− is evaluated for its potential application in pharmaceutical coating. DB is a whitish to yellowish resin, characterized initially in terms of solubility, acid value, molecular weight (Mw), polydispersity index (Mw/Mn) and glass transition temperature (Tg). Neat plasticized films of DB are investigated for mechanical, water vapor transmission...

In this study, Damar Batu (DB) − a novel biomaterial− is evaluated for its potential application in pharmaceutical coating. DB is a whitish to yellowish resin, characterized initially in terms of solubility, acid value, molecular weight (Mw), polydispersity index (Mw/Mn) and glass transition temperature (Tg). Neat plasticized films of DB are investigated for mechanical, water vapor transmission...

In recent years, there has been a great deal of interests in developing sustained-release systems which can prolong the therapeutic effect, decrease adverse side effects, and reduce administration frequency. Nowadays, the oral sustained-release preparations account for a larger market share comparing to other sustained-release forms, mainly because of its noninvasive pain-free administration. H...

The rationale for sustained release oral levodopa preparations is to deliver levodopa in the areas of maximal intestinal absorption in a slow and predictable way, leading to stable plasma levodopa levels and brain dopamine levels, therefore resulting in a lengthened duration of action. Sinemet CR is the prototype of such preparations, with demonstrated efficacy in decreasing periods of akinesia...

Extended-release matrix tablets of diltiazem hydrochloride (DTZ) were prepared using waxy materials alone or in combination with Kollidon SR. Matrix waxy materials were carnauba wax (CW), bees wax (BW), cetyl alcohol (CA) and glyceryl monostearate (GMS). Dissolution studies were carried out by using a six stations USP XXII type 1 apparatus. The in vitro drug release study was done in 1000 ml ph...

the objective of present research was to design, evaluate and compare drug release from two different dosage forms in pulsatile drug delivery system (dds) for metoprolol tartarate (mt) as tablet and capsule. pulsatile systems are gaining a lot of interest as they deliver the drug at the right site of action at the right time and in the right amount, thus providing spatial and temporal delivery ...

We report a multifunctional micromotor fabricated by the self-assembly technique using multifunctional materials, i.e. polymer single crystals and nanoparticles, as basic building blocks. Not only can this micromotor achieve autonomous and directed movement, it also possesses unprecedented functions, including enzymatic degradation-induced micromotor disassembly, sustained release and molecular...