BACKGROUND Higher dietary salt intake increases the risk of stroke and may increase white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume. We hypothesized that a long-term higher salt intake may be associated with other features of small vessel disease (SVD). METHODS We recruited consecutive patients with mild stroke presenting to the Lothian regional stroke service. We performed brain magnetic resonance ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Homocysteine is an endothelial toxin and elevated levels have been associated with stroke risk. Stroke, particularly the small vessel disease (SVD) subtype, is increased in U.S. and UK black populations. In white populations elevated homocysteine has been associated with SVD, especially confluent leukoaraiosis, and may be acting through endothelial dysfunction. We determi...

OBJECTIVES We evaluate the alternative use of texture analysis for evaluating the role of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in small vessel disease (SVD). METHODS We used brain magnetic resonance imaging from 204 stroke patients, acquired before and 20 min after intravenous gadolinium administration. We segmented tissues, white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and applied validated visual scores. We mea...

Chlamydia is the most widespread sexually transmitted bacterial disease and a prophylactic vaccine is highly needed. Ideally, this vaccine is required to induce a combined response of Th1 cell-mediated immune (CMI) response in concert with neutralizing antibodies. Using a novel Göttingen minipig animal model, we evaluated the immunogenicity and efficacy of a multi-subunit vaccine formulated in ...

This paper presents a dynamic image approach to characterize the growth of brain cancer invasion of tumor gliomas cells using singular value decomposition (SVD) technique. Such a dynamic image is identified by the white and grey matter displayed by magnetic resonance (MR) images of the patient brain taken at different times. SVD components and properties have been analyzed for different brain i...

Steganography is the study of data hiding for the purpose of covert communication. A secret message is inserted into a cover file so that the very existence of the message is not apparent. Most current steganography algorithms insert data in the spatial or transform domains; common transforms include the discrete cosine transform, the discrete Fourier transform, and discrete wavelet transform. ...

SUMMARY We have developed two novel methods for Singular Value Decomposition analysis (SVD) of microarray data. The first is a threshold-based method for obtaining gene groups, and the second is a method for obtaining a measure of confidence in SVD analysis. Gene groups are obtained by identifying elements of the left singular vectors, or gene coefficient vectors, that are greater in magnitude ...

In this paper a parallel implementation of the SVD{updating algorithm using approximate rotations is presented. In its original form the SVD{updating algorithm had numerical problems if no reorthogonalization steps were applied. Representing the orthogonal matrix V (right singular vectors) using its parameterization in terms of the rotation angles of n(n?1)=2 plane rotations these reorthogonali...

Many important applications – from big data analytics to information retrieval, gene expression analysis, and numerical weather prediction – require the solution of large dense singular value decompositions (SVD). In many cases the problems are too large to fit into the computer’s main memory, and thus require specialized out-of-core algorithms that use disk storage. In this paper, we analyze t...

This paper discusses clustering and latent semantic indexing (LSI) aspects of the singular value decomposition (SVD). The purpose of this paper is twofold. The first is to give an explanation on how and why the singular vectors can be used in clustering. And the second is to show that the two seemingly unrelated SVD aspects actually originate from the same source: related vertices tend to be mo...