The chamois provides an excellent model for exploring the effect of historical and evolutionary events on diversification. We investigate cytochrome b (cytb) sequences in the 10 recognized subspecies of Rupicapra classified within 2 species: Rupicapra pyrenaica, with the subspecies parva, pyrenaica, and ornata, and Rupicapra rupicapra, with cartusiana, rupicapra, tatrica, carpatica, balcanica, ...

The dogwood borer, Synanthedon scitula (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), is a serious wood-boring pest of apple in eastern North America. The recent identification of its sex pheromone and systematic documentation of the effect of a potent behavioral antagonist affords the opportunity to develop pheromone-based management strategies for this important pest. Here we evaluated the potential of ph...

Surveys were conducted in the major apple growing regions of New York state to determine the incidence of borers infesting burrknots on clonal apple rootstocks. Dogwood borer, Synanthedon scitula (Harris), was generally prevalent throughout the state, but American plum borer, Euzophera semifuneralis (Walker), was limited to western New York apple orchards near infested stone fruit trees. Insect...

Hoplitis astragali sp. nov. , a member of the H. monstrabilis species group, and dagestanica adunca are described. The former is known from Dagestan in Russia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, latter only Dagestan. Nests Females this excavated burrows vertical clay cliff, but sometimes chose horizontal surface for nest excavation, particularly at entrance old Xylocopa olivieri (Apidae). were either su...

Honey bees collect the main material of propolis from buds, leaves, branches, and barks or other botanical sources mixed that resinous with beeswax produced abdominal exocrine glands, mandibular gland secretions, pollen to produce propolis. The composition changes depends on multiple factors such as honey bee races, geographical locations, phytogeography, harvesting seasons, extraction methods ...

In order to determine the resource potential of natural phytocenoses Republic Abkhazia, study medicinal plants flora Ritsa Relict National Park - a unique complex that occupies an important place all over Caucasus and entire chain mountains Eurasia, part Colchis. The diversity geological structure, topography, soils, climate hydrological conditions caused formation with endemic relict (West Abk...

Three experiments are described investigating whether olfactory repellents DEET and butyric acid can support the classical conditioning of proboscis extension in the honeybee, Apis mellifera caucasica (Hymenoptera: Apidae). In the first experiment DEET and butyric acid readily led to standard acquisition and extinction effects, which are comparable to the use of cinnamon as a conditioned stimul...