In this paper, a brief summary of synchronization approaches is discussed sequentially from older techniques to latest technology. There are many techniques that have been developed which focusing of synchronization, from basic grid evaluating technique, phase-locked-loop (PLL) and later to synchronous reference-frame phase-locked-loop where is established on basis of phase estimation and deter...

This paper presents actual cases of steady reactive power oscillation of Distributed Generations (DGs) during parallel operation with the main grid. The cause of the problem was found to be the adverse effects of excitation system voltage regulation. It is shown, through preliminary investigation and detailed simulation studies, that how the excitation control system can be modified to overcome...

In this paper, least square estimation (LSE)-based synchronous generator model identification is carried out. The synchronous generator model including electromechanical dynamics and primary frequency control is first expressed by continuous-time AutoRegressive with eXogenous (ARX) models. The high-order derivatives in a continuous ARX model are approximated by expressions in terms of discrete-...

Computer-aided teaching tools have turned out to be an indispensable element of both classroom lectures and laboratory experiments. The application of market-ready mathematical and database programming software for teaching engineering course outline is well appreciated. This paper presents the utilization of LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench) in introducing the featu...