system dynamics is a strategic approach for modeling complex systems and analyzing their behavior. dynamic behavior in entrepreneurial system can be modeled using system dynamics approach and dynamic hypotheses about the system`s behavior can be proposed and tested using simulation and computer aided tools. however, as the review of literature shows, studies which link system dynamics modeling ...

background: dyslipidemia is considered as an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (cvd). the link between childhood dyslipidemia and occurrence of  atherosclerosis and its sequels in adulthood are well-documented. this study aimed to systematically review the prevalence of dyslipidemia among iranian children and adolescents. materials and methods: an electronic search was...

introduction chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is one of the most important health problems worldwide with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. it is a major risk factor for cirrhosis and liver cancer. currently, iran is located in the intermediate hbv zone; however, recent studies have provided some evidence indicating an epidemiological change in the country. the aim of this study ...

background: image-guided radiotherapy used multiple imaging during the radiation therapy course to improve the precision and accuracy of health care provider's treatment. objectives: this study aims to assess the safety, effectiveness and economic aspects of image-guided radiation therapy for decision-making about this technology in iran. methods: in this study, the most important medical datab...

conclusions the results illustrate that the iranian version of the aep (ir-aep) could be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the level of inappropriate acute hospital admissions and days of care in the iranian context. results inter-rater and intra-rater reliability testing revealed an excellent level of consensus between the two nurses employing the aep in all the studied departments...

purpose every sport has a unique profile of injury and risk of injury. in recent years, there have been numerous attempts at conducting injury prevention trials for specific injuries or for injuries within specific sports to provide evidence useful to the sports medicine and sport community. football has been a focus of a number of randomized injury prevention trials. methods medline was search...

objectives: bloating is a common and bothersome gastrointestinal symptom. despite its high prevalence, associated costs, and effects on the quality of life, very few studies have reported the epidemiology of bloating in iran. through this systematic review, findings and limitations of the current research will be discussed. methods: in march 2012, we searched pubmed, google scholar, scientific ...

supernumerary tooth is one of the developmental problems in children. mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth present in the midline between the two central incisors. it usually results in oral problems such as malocclusion, food impaction, poor aesthetics, and cyst formation. the prevalence of mesiodens varies between 0.09% and 2.05% in different studies. this paper reviews current literature on et...

heart failure (hf) is one of the main causes of death and disability in the world. the prevalence of hf in developed countries is between 1% and 2% of the adult population and approximately between 6% and 10% in the elderly, giving rise to high costs of care and treatment. indeed, in the united states, the direct and indirect costs exceeded 23 billion dollars in 2002.  hf is typically character...

background. regarding the lack of comprehensive systematic review on the efficacy of water fluoridation and prevalence of dental fluorosis, the aim of the current research was to systematically study the prevalence of dental fluorosis at different levels of water fluoride in the world and lay emphasis on the amount of fluoride in drinking water. methods. studies were searched in pubmed, scopus,...