Generative educational assessments such as essays or drawings allow students to express their ideas. They provide more insight into student knowledge than most multiplechoice items. Formative guidance on generative items can help students engage deeply with material by encouraging students to effectively revise their work. Generative items promote scientific inquiry by eliciting a variety of re...

Using novel data collected from a career intelligence website, we study whether and why high-tech firms rely more heavily on non-wage benefits, such as free meals, transportation subsidies, and athletic facilities (“work-related perks”). We find that employers engaged in IT innovation are more likely to offer work-related perks, but not more traditional non-wage benefits such as health insuranc...

In response to VO challenges, research and development efforts shall address different features and components of VO, that cover a wide spectrum of areas. Considering the complexity of building technical support infrastructures and applications for VOs, clearly at the time of such developments, the choice of best approach, standards, technology, commercial tools/systems, or R&D developed protot...

This technical note describes the transfer of continuous, single-layer, pristine graphene to standard Quantifoil TEM grids. We compare the transmission properties of pristine graphene substrates to those of graphene oxide and thin amorphous carbon substrates. Positively stained DNA imaged across amorphous carbon is typically indiscernible and requires metal shadowing for sufficient contrast. Ho...

in the present study an attempt has been made to use a non-parametric method data envelopment analysis (dea) for assessing source-wise and operation-wise the technical efficiency (te) and return-to-scale (rts) for paddy production in four zones of the state of punjab, india. the results were then compared to corresponding ones already obtained from a parametric method (cobb-douglas production f...

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Design of peer-review support systems is shaped by the policies that define and govern the process of peer review. An important component of these are policies that deal with anonymity: the rules that govern the concealment and transparency of information related to identities of the various stakeholders (authors, reviewers, editors, and others) involved in the peer-review process. Anonymity po...

Negotiation Support Systems (NSSs) offer a multidimensional support of negotiations through the internet. Different kind of conflicts – apart from the initial conflict – can occur during this process. This paper will give an overview of the current state-of-the-art in managing electronic negotiations with the help of NSSs and it introduces an advanced conflict management concept to resolve esca...