????. Figure 1. Elevation profiles of a crater over a pure ice half-space and heat flow of 1 mW m, after 100 Myr. Surface temperature is indicated in the legend box. 1798.pdf 44th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2013)

Phosphorus (P) is an important macronutrient in arctic and subarctic tundra and its bioavailability is regulated by the mineralization of organic P. Temperature is likely to be an important control on P bioavailability, although effects may differ across contrasting plant communities with different soil properties. We used an elevational gradient in northern Sweden that included both heath and ...

Temperature profoundly affects growth and life history traits in ectothermic animals through selection (i.e., genetic) and through direct effects on the phenotype (i.e., nongenetic/plasticity). We examined the effects of rearing temperature (248, 308, and 368C) on adult body size and development time and the interactive effects of temperature experienced during rearing and oviposition on severa...

Stream mesoscale habitats have systematic topographic relationships to hyporheic flow patterns, which may create predictable temperature variation between mesoscale habitat types. We investigated whether systematic differences in temperature metrics occurred between mesoscale habitats within reaches of small streams tributary to the upper Little Tennessee River, southern Appalachians. Surface w...

Mountain watersheds are primary sources of freshwater, carbon sequestration, and other ecosystem services. There is significant interest in the effects of climate change and variability on these processes over short to long time scales. Much of the impact of hydroclimate variability in forest ecosystems is manifested in vegetation dynamics in space and time. In steep terrain, leaf phenology res...

How global warming will affect insect parasitoids and their role as natural enemies of insect pests is difficult to assess within a short period of time. Considering that elevation gradients can be used as analogues for global warming, we carried out meta-analyses of 27 correlations between parasitoid richness and elevation and 140 correlations between parasitism rate and elevation in natural a...

Climatic parameters’ modeling is very important in environmental data processing. This is a consequence that climatic parameters vary dramatically in time and space. Moreover, the climate variables are dependent to each other and also to earth surface conditions such as height. The other problem is that climatic parameters are measured as a point based variables in weather stations. However, fo...

Methods Ordinary least squares regression was used to develop relationships between forest extent and surface temperature. Forest extent was derived from the 900 m 2001 National Land Cover Database (NLCD 2001) and surface temperature data were from the MODIS 1 km 8-day composite (MYD11A2). Forest–surface temperature relationships were developed for winter, spring, summer, autumn and annually us...