OBJECTIVES To evaluate the viscoelastic properties of demineralized dentin matrix. Stress-relaxation studies were done on matrices in tension and strain elongation or creep studies were done in both tension and compression. METHODS Mid-coronal dentin disks were prepared from extracted unerupted human third molars. Disks were 0.5 mm thick for stress-relaxation or tensile creep experiments and ...

The scale dependence of the strength of virtually homogeneous rock is usually considered to be insignificant but the spectrum of discontinuities plays a very important role for the strength of differently sized rock elements and also controls the rock creep strain. Large-scale load tests comprised recording of the creep strain rate that was found to be strongly retarded and negligible for stres...

This study tested the hypothesis that late weaning and the availability of creep feed during the suckling period compared with early weaning, improves feed intake, decreases stress and improves the integrity of the intestinal tract. In this study with 160 piglets of 16 litters, late weaning at 7 weeks of age was compared with early weaning at 4 weeks, with or without creep feeding during the su...

The autonomous repair mechanism of creep cavitation during high-temperature deformation has been investigated in Fe-Au and Fe-Au-B-N alloys. Combined electron-microscopy techniques and atom probe tomography reveal how the improved creep properties result from Au precipitation within the creep cavities, preferentially formed on grain boundaries oriented perpendicular to the applied stress. The s...

The present paper will describe an approach for the simultaneous real-time compensation of hysteresis, creep and force-dependence effects of a piezoelectric stack actuator by a feed-forward controller. The basis of the feed-forward controller is given by so-called complex creep and hysteresis operators, which when adequately implemented, lead to a precise model of the creep and hysteresis chara...

Abstract The effect of superimposed ultrasonic vibration on the primary creep metals is modeled in terms synthetic theory irrecoverable deformation. We consider two sonication modes: (i) ultrasound acts continuously during deformation, and (ii) periodically off. Whereas both cases show a significant increase creep, periodical leads to higher deformation values. To catch phenomenon ultrasound-as...

The new fib Model Code 2010 (MC 10) has introduced new and improved formulations to define the model for the long-term behaviour of concrete. In this way some inconsistencies present in the older CEB/FIP Model Code 1990 (MC 90) have been removed. In the new formulation the total creep deformation of concrete has been introduced as sum of two contributions: basic and drying creep, for each of wh...

This paper presents a new method of self-sensing both of the displacement and the external applied force at the tip of piezoelectric cantilevers. Integrated electric current across piezoelectric actuators is compensated against material nonlinearities (creep, hysteresis) to provide reliable information. We propose to compensate the hysteresis by using the Prandtl-Ishlinskii static approach whil...

Waste utilization has gained more and more interest. In this study, crumb rubber and diatomite were used to modify asphalt binder and the short-term aging effects on the properties of modified asphalts were evaluated. Three kinds of modified asphalt were prepared; they are diatomite modified asphalt (DA), crumb rubber modified asphalt (RA), and diatomite and crumb rubber compound modified aspha...

The Steady state creep behaviour of a functionally graded cylinder made of isotropic composite containing varying distribution of silicon carbide particles has been investigated by a mathematical model. The creep behaviour of the FGM is described by a Norton's Power law. The effect of varying distribution of SiCP particles of creep stresses and creep rates in the FGM cylinder has been anal...