I. MOTIVATION Large-scale thawing of arctic permafrost has a poorlyunderstood feedback effect on global climate through the release of CO2 and methane. Active Layer Thickness (ALT) is the maximum annual depth of thaw of surface soils and is designated by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) as an essential climate variable for monitoring the status of permafrost. Interferometric Syntheti...

Abstract. The ploughing of soils in autumn drastically loosens the soil structure and, at same time, reduces its stability against external stresses. A fragmentation these artificially produced clods during wintertime is often observed areas with air temperatures fluctuating around freezing point. From pore perspective, it still unclear (i) under which conditions frost action has a measurable e...

This paper summarizes a series of studies on the interface of fiber reinforced polymer laminates externally bonded to concrete substrates, carried out in the Laboratory of Engineering for Maintenance Systems, Hokkaido University. Appropriate test methods and bond models for shear bond, tensile bond and cleavage bond (bond under dowel force) are shown. Finally, experimental results on shear bond...

Treponema pallidum DNA from even small numbers of organisms was detectable in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) stored at room temperature or at 4 degrees C for several hours and in CSF subjected to three freeze-thaw cycles. These results suggest that negative PCR results for T. pallidum from patients diagnosed with T. pallidum invasion of the central nervous system are probably not due to the loss of ...