background: spermatozoa cryopreservation is used for the management of infertility and some other medical conditions. the routinely applied cryopreservation technique depends on permeating cryoprotectants, whose toxic effects have raised the attention towards permeating cryoprotectants-free vitrification technique. objective: to compare between the application of slow cryopreservation and vitri...

BACKGROUND Mild solubilization of inclusion bodies has attracted attention in recent days, with an objective to preserve the existing native-like secondary structure of proteins, reduce protein aggregation during refolding and recovering high amount of bioactive proteins from inclusion bodies. RESULTS Here we presented an efficient method for mild solubilization of inclusion bodies by using a...

Cell culture from vials usually includes an open phase performed under laminar flow hoods. Even if disposable and small closed systems are available, at least the first cell culture step after vial thawing, which is a centrifugation, is performed in disposable but open containers. This step is critical as the risk of contamination is high and it also has a direct impact on process timelines. In...

Background: Sperm storage via freezing has been useful for men who have difficulty masturbating during assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs and before impotency caused by chemotherapy, vasectomy, and other procedures. Studies were undertaken to evaluate the extent of cryoinjury to both semen and sperm after repeated freezing and thawing in oligozoospermic and normozoospermic samples ...

Thin slices of human ovarian cortex were evaluated following cryopreservation in 1,2-propanediol (PROH)/sucrose under various conditions. Following rapid thawing, 1 microm sections were assessed by light microscopy and oocyte abnormalities were further examined by electron microscopy. Follicles (n = 503) were predominantly primordial (91%), with no follicles larger than the proliferating primar...

Freeze-thaw events can affect plant hydraulics by inducing embolism. This study analyzed the effect of temperature during the freezing process on hydraulic conductivity and ultrasonic emissions (UE). Stems of 10 angiosperms were dehydrated to a water potential at 12% percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity (PLC) and exposed to freeze-thaw cycles. The minimal temperature of the frost cycle cor...

*The 'thaw-expansion hypothesis' postulates that xylem embolism is caused by the formation of gas bubbles on freezing and their expansion on thawing. We evaluated the hypothesis using centrifuge experiments and ultrasonic emission monitoring in Pinus contorta. *Stem samples were exposed to freeze-thaw cycles at varying xylem pressure (P) in a centrifuge before the percentage loss of hydraulic c...

The effect of seminal plasma, as well as some seminal plasma fractions, on the heterogeneity and viability of frozen-thawed ram spermatozoa was studied. Fresh and frozen sperm samples were simultaneously assessed by a routine semen-quality assay and centrifugal countercurrent distribution (CCCD) in an aqueous two-phase system analysis. All samples used for this study were obtained from Salz ram...

BACKGROUND The interpretability of microarray data can be affected by sample quality. To systematically explore how RNA quality affects microarray assay performance, a set of rat liver RNA samples with a progressive change in RNA integrity was generated by thawing frozen tissue or by ex vivo incubation of fresh tissue over a time course. RESULTS Incubation of tissue at 37 degrees C for severa...

BACKGROUND Bone graft studies lack standardized controls. We aim to present a quick and reliable method for the intra-operative generation of acellular bone explants. METHODS Therefore, ovine cancellous bone explants from the iliac crest were prepared and used to test several methods for the induction of cell death. Over night heat inactivation was used as positive treatment control, methods ...