Leptin can act as a satiety factor and exert neuroendocrine effects, but most studies have been performed in fasted animals. We aimed to determine the effect of chronic under-nutrition on the response to a 3-day intracerebroventricular infusion of leptin with regard to food intake and the secretion of pituitary hormones. Ovariectomised ewes (n=6) had a mean (+/-s.e.m. ) bodyweight of 56+/-0.8 k...

1. The energy metabolism of ad lib.-fed adult male Wistar rats receiving daily running exercise (0.9 km/d; 8 degrees incline) on a motor-driven treadmill, over a period of 56 d, was compared with that of sedentary ad lib.-fed rats and sedentary restricted-fed rats of similar body-weight (approximately 420 g). 2. The metabolizable energy of the diet (Oxoid 41 B) was 11.44 +/- 0.05 kJ/g. This val...

Multiple periods of caloric restriction (or fasting)/ refeeding in rodents have had inconsistent effects on mammary tumor (MT) development. In the present study, the consequence of intermittent caloric restriction/ refeeding resulting in weight-cycling was evaluated using an oncogene-induced MT mouse model. Hybrid mouse MT virus-transforming growth factor (MMTV-TGF)/ Lep Lep female mice were us...

Aging affects mitochondria in a tissue-specific manner. Calorie restriction (CR) is, so far, the only intervention able to delay or prevent the onset of several age-related changes also in mitochondria. Using livers from middle age (18-month-old), 28-month-old and 32-month-old ad libitum-fed and 28-month-old calorie-restricted rats we found an age-related decrease in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) c...

I. To determine the redox state of the mitochondrial NAD system in cirrhosis of the liver and in chronic quanti tat ive undelnutrition, the substrates of the Lglutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.2 ) and D-fl-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.3o) reactions were measured. The livers of animals fed ad l ib i tum served as controls. 2. Assuming these substrates to be in equilibrium, the NAD+/NA...

Previous studies in humans and animals have reported that nicotine administration decreases body weightand caloric intake. Opiate and cigarette have been used concomitantly as drug abuse. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to analyze the effect of chronic co-administration of nicotine and morphine on food intake, body weight and on some feeding-associated peptides. All experiments wer...

Insulin resistance syndrome, also referred to as the metabolic syndrome or syndrome X, refers to a constellation of common metabolic and cardiovascular disorders (e.g. obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia), which are all cardiovascular risk factors. Insulin resistance can be induced by fructose-rich diet in rats. We investigated the effect of vanadyl sulfate (0.2 mg...

Reduced cell proliferation may mediate anti-carcinogenic effects of caloric restriction (CR). Using heavy water (H2O) labeling, the cell proliferation response to CR was investigated in detail, including the time course, effect of refeeding, and role of intermittent feeding with 5% CR. In the time course study, 8-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were placed on a 33% CR regimen (food given 3 times/...

Background and Objectives: Apoptosis plays a key role in pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases due to loss of terminally differentiated cardiac myocytes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate effects of combined dietary restriction and aerobic training on indices of myocardial apoptosis in male rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 32 three-month-old male rats wer...

The effect of ascorbic acid deficiency on serum levels of high density lipoprotein- (HDL-), low density lipoprotein- (LDL-), very low density lipoprotein- (VLDL-) and chylomicron-cholesterol was examined in ODS-od/od rat (ODS rat), that is a rat mutant unable to synthesize ascorbic acid. Male ODS rats were fed an ascrobic acid-free diet for 20 days. In another two groups, the diet supplemented ...