Dry eucalypt forests are believed to be highly fire tolerant, but their response to fire is not well quantified. We measured the effect of high-severity fires in dry eucalypt forest in the Tasmanian Midlands, the driest region on the island. We compared stand structures and fuel loads in long-unburnt (>15 years since fire) and recently burnt (<5 years since fire) sites that had been completely ...

Large-scale fires occur frequently across Indonesia, particularly in the southern region of Kalimantan and eastern Sumatra. They have considerable impacts on carbon emissions, haze production, biodiversity, health, and economic activities. In this study, we demonstrate that severe fire and haze events in Indonesia can generally be predicted months in advance using predictions of seasonal rainfa...

Thermal imaging is a tool that can be used to determine burn depth. We have revisited the use of this technology in the assessment of burns and aim to establish if high resolution, real-time technology can be practically used in conjunction with clinical examination to determine burn depth. 11 patients with burns affecting upper and lower limbs and the anterior and posterior trunk were included...

A cylindrical confined combustor operating under MILD condition is investigated using LES. The combustion and its interaction with turbulence are modeled two reactor based models, PaSR EDC. Results show that the Partially Stirred Reactor (PaSR) model yields improved estimation for mean temperature species mole fractions compared to Eddy Dissipation Concept (EDC). LES data analysed advanced post...

Radar backscattering properties can be extremely sensitive to the freeze/thaw states of the ground surface. This study aims to evaluate the changes of L-band microwave scattering characteristics between thawed and frozen conditions by using polarimetric scattering mechanism indicators. ALOS PALSAR polarimetric mode data acquired in winter and spring seasons over Eastern Siberia are used in this...

Horizontal black surfaces are usually very attractive to polarotactic aquatic insects, since they generally reXect highly and horizontally polarized light, and thus imitate water surfaces. We monitored highly polarizing black burnt-up stubble-Welds, but surprisingly never found aquatic insects or their carcasses in the ash, although Xying polarotactic insects were abundant in the area, which we...

A pot experiment was used to assess the N uptake by pine seedlings 24 during two years on a burnt soil added with 15 N-labelled ryegrass, obtained from 25 a 15 N-enriched sample of this soil after the fire. Nitrogen concentration in needles, 26 stems and roots of seedlings decreased significantly from the first to the second 27 1.12% of the added ryegrass-15 N was recovered: two thirds in the s...

The rheology of lime binders, which is critical in the final performance of lime mortars and plasters, is poorly understood, particularly in its relationship with the microstructure and colloidal characteristics of slaked lime (Ca(OH)(2)) suspensions (i.e., lime putties). Here, the contrasting flow behavior of lime putties obtained upon slaking (hydration) of soft and hard burnt quicklimes (CaO...

AIM To compare the burning characteristics of the tobacco and paper of manufactured and hand rolled cigarettes, and set a fire safety standard of manufacture to largely reduce the fire risk from discarded cigarettes. METHODS (1) Cigarette extinction test of ignition strength: 40 cigarettes per brand, lit and placed on 15 layers of filter paper, in accordance with ASTM test standard E2187-02. ...