A loose **classification** of longevity theories would separate the functional theories — how senescence proceeds in the individual organism — from the teleological theories, which seek to explain why a given pattern of senescence ought to be so, usually from the evolutionary perspective. We focus here on the loose class of functional theories allied to engineering reliability theory. The link ...

The goal of developing a computational theory of metaphor is an admirable one (Indurkhya, 1986, 1987). Such a theory, however, is adequate only to the extent that it can be embedded into a more comprehensive account of language processing. Empirical investigations have provided some important constraints on how the comprehension and evaluation of metaphorical language may fit into this grander ...

In this paper we examine the possibility to bridge theory of Distributed Cognition with popular theories of Social Studies of Technology (in particular, Actor-Network Theory and Social Construction of Technology). Responding to a recent call for revisiting the design metaphor, in this paper we aim to obtain more precise terminology for describing the phenomena of ICT design in theoretical terms...

In this paper we consider artists who create their work by writing algorithms, which when interpreted by a computer generates their plotted drawings, synthesised music, animated digital video, or whatever target medium they have chosen. We examine the demands that such artists place upon their environments, the relationships between concepts and algorithms, and of cognition and computation. We ...

Using metaphor-annotated material that is sufficiently representative of the topical composition of a similar-length document in a large background corpus, we show that words expressing a discourse-wide topic of discussion are less likely to be metaphorical than other words in a document. Our results suggest that to harvest metaphors more effectively, one is advised to consider words that do no...

For over a century multiple theoretical accounts proposed different sets of necessary and sufficient conditions for distinguishing humorous from non-humorous stimuli. The theories ranged from Freud’s (1960/1905) expression of forbidden thoughts, superiority theories (e.g., Gruner, 2000), and benign violations (McGraw and Warren, 2010) to incongruity resolution (Suls, 1972), error detection (Hur...

Simple sequence repeat (SSR markers or microsatellites), based on the specific PCR amplification of DNA sequences, are becoming the markers of choice for molecular characterization of a wide range of plants because of their high polymorphism, abundance, and codominant inheritance. Different methods have been used for the analysis of the SSR amplified fragments being submarine agarose electropho...

trope, the use of words in a non-literal sense, is among the topics found in the language and literature of all nations. however, all methods of using words considered as tropes in a language, are not necessarily regarded as such in another language and literature; and occasionally there are similarities and differences among known tropes. in german language and literature 10 types of tropes ar...

Metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon but also reflects the concept projection between source and target domains in human cognition. Previous sequence tagging-based metaphor identification methods could model projection, resulting limitation that outputs of these models are unexplainable predictions metaphoricity labels. In this work, we propose first explainable model, inspired by Conce...