The origin of infrared thermography comes in 1800 when William Herschel discovered thermal radiation, the invisible light later called infrared, but only in the mid-sixties infrared thermography became a technique of temperature cartography. He proved that this radiation, called infrared, followed the same law as visible light. Later, this phenomenon was connected with the laws of Planck and St...

Enhanced Heat Release Rate (HRR) methodology has been extended to the Mass Loss Calorimeter (MLC) and the Modified Schlyter flame spread test to evaluate fire retardant effectiveness used on wood based materials. Modifications to MLC include installation of thermopile on the chimney walls to correct systematic errors to the sensible HRR calculations to account for radiant energy losses to the c...

The advent of low-cost handheld infrared (IR) thermometers has led to a proliferation of non-contact temperature measurement in the food, building, and lowtemperature processing industries. However, these instruments are not as simple to use as they first appear due to systematic effects that are present in almost all measurements. This technical guide provides information relating to the calib...

This paper describes attitude control systems (ACS) for satellites and a new, static system based on an integrated infrared (IR) detector array. After a short introduction on the use and control of satellites in general, we explain the advantage of static systems, made possible by the use of integrated IR detector arrays. In particular, the static system is lighter and smaller than the previous...

In this paper, we used infrared light in the range of 8-12 μm to develop and test an optical imaging system to detect air bubbles flowing in oil. The system basically comprises a broadband light source and a 31 × 32 thermopile array to generate images. To analyze the effects related to light absorption, reflection, and refraction on air-oil boundaries, a numerical model was developed and the pr...

A micro component for a non-selective NDIR (non dispersive infrared) gas detection system is presented in this work. This device consist of an IR detection module composed of two matching arrays, one of filters and one of thermopile detectors. These arrays (up to 4x4 elements) are built on a silicon substrate using CMOS compatible materials and processes. Bulk micro-machining is used to build t...

We present a dew point temperature sensor with the thermal detection of condensed water on a thin membrane, fabricated by silicon micromachining. The membrane (600 × 600 ×∼1 μm3) is part of a silicon chip and contains a heating element as well as a thermopile for temperature measurement. By dynamically heating the membrane and simultaneously analyzing the transient increase of its temperature i...

Sensing and predicting occupancy in buildings is an important task that can lead to significant improvements both energy efficiency occupant comfort. Rich data streams are now available allow for machine learning-based algorithm implementation of direct indirect estimation. We evaluate ensemble models, namely, random forests, on collected from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id...