BACKGROUND Fat infiltration within skeletal muscle is known as intramuscular fat (IMF), which increases with aging. Studies have assessed IMF content, using the mid-thigh as a representative location. However, three-dimensional IMF distribution is not well understood. The aim of this study was to compare the IMF content in young and old adults by assessing its distribution along the length of t...

BACKGROUND Intramuscular (IM) injection can increase insulin absorption, causing hypoglycemia. Available needle lengths today are 4-12.7 mm for pens and 6-12.7 mm for syringes. We describe the distance (D) from skin surface to muscle fascia at injection sites for subcutaneous (SC) insulin therapy and recommend needle lengths to reduce IM injection risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS At two locations ...

Neurofibromas are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors seen arising both sporadically and in patients with neurofibromatosis syndromes. Commonly they of three types: localized, diffuse or plexiform. Pigmented neurofibromas very rare, accounting to <1% all reported. We present a case 64 year old woman Neurofibromatosis 1, large swelling on the right thigh. The mass was grossly pigmented micr...

Background :The incidence of sarcomas occurs in less than 1% all malignant tumors but sarcoma is the cause 2% total cancer deaths. Based on National Registry neonatal 2.6 per million live births.Case Description : A baby girl aged 3 days, complaining a mass patient's left thigh since birth. was large from birth and there only one thigh. In prenatal history, mother with routine ANC history to mi...

Diabetic myonecrosis is a rare complication of long-standing diabetes mellitus that presents as acute onset of swelling and pain of the affected muscles. The differential diagnosis includes cellulitis/pyomyositis, necrotizing fasciitis, neoplasm, and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Missed diagnoses can lead to unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures and inappropriate treatment. The diagnosis i...

A rare case of a posttraumatic extensive ganglion cyst of the anterolateral thigh with connection to the knee joint is presented. A 54-year-old man presented a palpable mass in the anterolateral region of his right thigh with a 15 months existing sense of fullness and tightness. He had an accident with his bicycle 21 months ago. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed showing a cyst insi...

RESULTS: LVA resulted in 1259 anastomoses using 949 lymphatic vessels at 794 surgical sites. The number of anastomoses per limb ranged from 1 to 16 (median 5). Multivariate analyses revealed that factors associated with larger lymphatic vessel (0.5 mm or larger) were age [65 or older; odds ratio (OR) 1.403], radiation history (OR 1.622), incision in thigh/leg (compared with groin; OR 1.607/1.62...

RESULTS: LVA resulted in 1259 anastomoses using 949 lymphatic vessels at 794 surgical sites. The number of anastomoses per limb ranged from 1 to 16 (median 5). Multivariate analyses revealed that factors associated with larger lymphatic vessel (0.5 mm or larger) were age [65 or older; odds ratio (OR) 1.403], radiation history (OR 1.622), incision in thigh/leg (compared with groin; OR 1.607/1.62...

BACKGROUND Germ cell tumors are tumors composed of tissues derived from more than one of the three germinal layers. They are more common in the testes and ovaries, but can present in many different regions in the midline, including the sacral region, retroperitoneum, mediastinum, and brain. Testicular germ cell tumors generally metastasize to the retroperitoneum, lungs, and brain; metastases to...

The purpose of this study was to develop and cross-validate anthropometric equations for the estimation of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in Chinese adults. A total of 763 adults aged 18-69 years (345 men and 418 women) were recruited from residents living in four regions (Jinan, Guangzhou, Xi'an and Chengdu) in China. ASM were measured by fan-beam dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Par...