In this paper, a study on the vibration of thin cylindrical shells made of a functionally gradient material (FGM) composed of stainless steel and nickel is presented. The effects of the FGM configuration are taken into account by studying the frequencies of two FG cylindrical shells. Type I FG cylindrical shell has nickel on its inner surface and stainless steel on its outer surface and Type II...

A thin shell finite element approach based on Loop’s subdivision surfaces is proposed, capable of dealing with large deformations and anisotropic growth. To this end, the Kirchhoff-Love theory of thin shells is derived and extended to allow for arbitrary in-plane growth. The simplicity and computational efficiency of the subdivision thin shell elements is outstanding, which is demonstrated on a...

The influence of wall elasticity on the response of a Helmholtz resonator is examined by analyzing the canonical case of a thin elastic spherical shell with a circular aperture subject o plane wave excitation. By neglecting the thickness of the wall and representing the elasticity via a "thin shell" theory the problem is reduced to one of solving an integral equation over the aperture for the p...

This paper is concerned with a theoretical model of the head. Neuroanatomical and analytical considerations lead to a fluid-filled spherical shell as a first-generation model. The shell is considered thin, elastic, homogeneous, and isotropic. The shell equations includeboth membrane and bending effects in axisymmetric torsionless motion. The motion of the fluid is governed by the wave equation....

We present the GRjunction package which allows boundary surfaces and thin-shells in general relativity to be studied with a computer algebra system. Implementing the Darmois-Israel thin shell formalism requires a careful selection of definitions and algorithms to ensure that results are generated in a straight-forward way. We have used the package to correctly reproduce a wide variety of exampl...

A solution to the Einstein field equations that represents a rigidly rotating dust accompanied by a thin matter shell of the same type is found.

Anomalous strong resonances in silver and gold nanoporous thin films which conduct are found to arise from isolated metal nano-islands separated from the surrounding percolating metal network by a thin loop of insulator. This observed resonant optical response is modelled. The observed peak position is in agreement with the observed average dimensions of the silver core and insulator shell. As ...

Coaptation characteristics are crucial in an assessment of the competence reconstructed aortic valves. Shell or membrane formulations can be used to model valve cusps coaptation. In this paper we compare both terms their coaptation for first time. Our numerical thin shell is based on a combination hyperelastic nodal forces method and rotation-free finite elements. The verified several popular b...

(a) Equipment—(1) Chromatography tank. A rectangular tank, approximately 9 × 9 × 3.5 inches with a glass solvent trough on the bottom. (2) Plates. Use 20 × 20 centimeter thin layer chromatography plates coated with Silica Gel G or equivalent to a thickness of 250 microns. (b) Developing solvent. Mix benzene and methanol in volumetric proportions of 90:10. (c) Preparation of spotting solutions— ...

We present cylindrically symmetric, static solutions of the Einstein field equations around a line singularity such that the energy momentum tensor corresponds to infinitely thin photonic shells. Positivity of the energy density of the thin shell and the line singularity is discussed. It is also shown that thick shells containing mostly radiation are possible by a numerical solution. PACS numbe...