Program obfuscation is a widely employed approach for software intellectual property protection. However, general obfuscation methods (e.g., lexical obfuscation, control obfuscation) implemented in mainstream obfuscation tools are heuristic and have little security guarantee. Recently in 2013, Garg et al. have achieved a breakthrough in secure program obfuscation with a graded encoding mechanis...

Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU), Republic of Korea PKG Development Group, R&D Division, Hynix Semiconductor Inc., Republic of Korea Advanced Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA 94720, United...

Varlo.s s.bstitlUmU f«T~ add~d onto starch by m~ans of ~surification or ~th~rification so that thtir ~fftct on rtllCtifJity of starch 'With isocyanatts in a nonpolar solvtnt could bt studi~d. Ma:rim.m rtacti~t, 0/ tht moJifitd starchts 'Was achitf)~d 'When tht dtgrtt of substitution (DS.) 'Was I.bo.t 0.7. C.,td .rtthl.M plastics madt from formulations containing 20 'I, of tht starch dtrl'Pl.t:v...

BACKGROUND Following through on one's goals to study is essential for effective, self-regulated learning. This can be difficult for residents because of clinical demands and limited personal time. WOOP (Wish, Outcome, Obstacle, Plan) is a self-regulation strategy, also known as mental contrasting with implementation intentions. WOOP increases follow-through on goals in many domains, although it...

In this paper we solve the following open problem: we prove that equivalence in the logic of Temporal Here-and-There (THT) is not only a sufficient, but also a necessary condition for strong equivalence of two Temporal Equilibrium Logic (TEL) theories. This result has allowed constructing a tool, ABSTEM, that can be used to check different types of equivalence between two arbitrary temporal the...

Blet is a puzzle. One starts with an even number of coins, laid out in a circle. At first, the coins are laid out with heads and tails alternating (HTHTHT. . .HT). Each turn, you are allowed to take three consecutive coins that show tails-heads-tails and flip them over, getting heads-tails-heads. This increases the total number of heads by one. You may do the opposite, flipping a heads-tails-he...

A principal acquires information about a shock and then discloses it to an agent. After the disclosure, the principal and agent each decide whether to take costly preparatory actions that yield mutual benefits but only when the shock strikes. The principal maximizes his expected payoff by controlling the quality of his information, and the disclosure rule. We show that even when the acquisition...