The main concern with respect to discharge of patients from hospital after 131-I therapy is contamination of their surroundings and exposure of people who are in close contact with them. In this study, we evaluated absorbed dose received by homemates of these patients within one week of discharge from hospital. This study was based on 100 patients (23 patients with thyroid cancer together...

Perchlorate blocks thyroidal iodide transport in a dose-dependent manner. The human sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) has a 30-fold higher affinity for perchlorate than for iodide. However, active transport of perchlorate into thyroid cells has not previously been demonstrated by direct measurement techniques. To demonstrate intracellular perchlorate accumulation, we incubated NIS-expressing FRTL-5...

This work presents internal dosimetry estimates for diagnostic procedures performed for thyroid disorders by relevant radiopharmaceuticals. The organ doses for (131)Iodine, (123)Iodine and (99m)Tc incorporated into the body were calculated for the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reference voxel phantoms using the Monte Carlo transport method. A comparison between diff...

Diagnostic whole-body scan is a standard procedure in patients with thyroid cancer prior to the application of a therapeutic dose of 131I. Unfortunately, administration of the radioisotope in a diagnostic dose may decrease further radioiodine uptake-the phenomenon called "thyroid stunning". We estimated radiation absorbed dose-dependent changes in genetic material, in particular in the sodium i...

BACKGROUND It is still inconclusive whether alcohol consumption affects the risk of thyroid cancer. We conducted a meta-analysis of available epidemiological data to address this issue. RESULTS Compared with nondrinkers, the pooled relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidential intervals (CIs) of thyroid cancer were 0.80 (95% CI 0.71-0.90) for any drinkers, 0.81 (95% CI 0.70-0.93) fo...

We have characterized the newly developed thyroid hormone antagonist NH-3 in both cell culture and in vivo model systems. NH-3 binds Xenopus laevis thyroid hormone receptors directly in vitro and induces a conformation distinct from agonist-bound receptors. Transcriptional activation of a thyroid hormone response element-containing reporter gene is strongly inhibited by NH-3 in a dose-dependent...

UNLABELLED A single, low dose of recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH) doubles 24-h RAIU and causes a more homogeneous distribution of radioiodine on thyroid scintigrams of patients with nodular goiter. Pretreatment with rhTSH allows the therapeutic dose of (131)I to be reduced by 50%-60% without compromising the result of thyroid volume reduction. The present study focused on t...

Ionizing radiation is a well-established cause of thyroid cancer and nodularity, however, important questions relating to the magnitude of the risk following low-dose medical exposures remain unresolved. To address these issues, we conducted a follow-up study of 1590 individuals treated between 1938 and 1969 with X-rays for childhood lymphoid hyperplasia (av. thyroid dose = 24 cGy) and 1499 ind...

Abstract Background: Autoimmune thyroid disease may present with a wide range of symptoms. When the presentation is hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ Disease symptoms generally subside over subsequent two years but recur at any time months later. initial hypothyroidism that person usually remains hypothyroid, requiring hormone replacement therapy for rest their life. Clinical Case: 67 year old wom...

The accident at the Chernobyl NPP on 26 April 1986 was the worst in the history of nuclear power. This catastrophe resulted in massive contamination of the area necessitating evacuation of the population, an extensive clean-up and construction of sarcophagus. This clean-up and construction activity was accomplished by approximately 600000 workers from former Soviet Union. Exposures were from ra...