The distance from an approaching threat at which animals initiate flight -flight-initiation distance (FID) -is a sensitive metric of variation in risk, but the effects on FID associated with the risk of possessing highly detectable external coloration are unknown. We tested whether variation in the degree of plumage vividness in birds explained variation in flight-initiation distance. After con...

Introduction Rapid chemical shift imaging (CSI) techniques are of considerable interest for hyperpolarized C metabolic imaging [1,2]. Undersampled spiral CSI (spCSI) using a free induction decay (FID) acquisition mode has been applied to real-time metabolic imaging with acquisition times of less than 1 s per slice [3]. The FID acquisition necessitates phase correction during reconstruction for ...

interstitial fibrosis (asbestosis) and COPD in causing impairment is difficult to ascertain because both will tend to similarly affect commonly used physiologic parameters of impairment; forced vital capacity (FVC); forced expiratory volume in one second (FEy,), diffusing capacity (D), and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (P[A-a]O,); however, the total lung capacity (TLC) is affected in opposi...

INTRODUCTION In resource-limited settings, due to the high cost of CD4 cell count testing, physicians must decide about opportunistic infection (OI) prophylaxis without a laboratory evaluation of HIV stage and level of immune suppression. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of total lymphocyte count (TLC), an inexpensive laboratory parameter, to CD4 count, and to determine a range of T...

BACKGROUND Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) grades severity of COPD and predicts survival. We hypothesize that the inspiratory capacity/total lung capacity (IC/TLC) ratio, a sensitive measure of static lung hyperinflation, may have a significant association with survival in an emphysematous phenotype of COPD. OBJECTIVES To access the association between IC/TLC and survival in an em...

Fundamental operations of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging can be formulated, for a large number of methods, as sampling the object distribution in the Fourier spatial-frequency domain, followed by processing the digitized data to produce a digital image. In these methods, controllable gradient fields determine the points in the spatialfrequency domain which are sampled at any given tim...

OBJECTIVE We sought to validate questionnaires concerning body image perception, body size dissatisfaction and weight-related beliefs in multi-ethnic South African mothers and their daughters. SETTINGS AND SUBJECTS Girls attending primary school (ages 9-12 years, n = 333) and their mothers (n = 204) were interviewed regarding their demographics and body image. Weight, height and skinfold thic...

This paper describes two SlipChip-based approaches to protein crystallization: a SlipChip-based free interface diffusion (FID) method and a SlipChip-based composite method that simultaneously performs microbatch and FID crystallization methods in a single device. The FID SlipChip was designed to screen multiple reagents, each at multiple diffusion equilibration times, and was validated by scree...