BACKGROUND Foot problems are prevalent in older women and are thought to be associated with footwear. This study examined women's shoe wearing patterns over time and evaluated associations between footwear characteristics and foot pain and hallux valgus. METHODS Women aged 50-89 years (n = 2,627) completed a survey that included drawings of four toe-box shapes and four heel heights. For each ...

Professor and Dr Illingworth comment: We thank Dr Shield for his comment on our paper1 concerning the section on 'normal' toe walking. Editors of journals have an annoying, yet justified way of demanding brevity, and brevity has its dangers. We are aware of the possible causes of toe walking and one of us has listed the following:4 normal toe walking in the preterm baby who has reached 'term' (...

Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) is frequently performed prior to atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation to exclude left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus. However, patients undergoing AF ablation are usually anticoagulated, thus making the presence of thrombus unlikely in most cases. This study aimed to determine whether the CHA2DS2VASc scoring system can be used to identify patients that do n...

Marker placement can be a significant source of error in biomechanical studies of human movement. The toe marker placement error is amplified by footwear since the toe marker placement on the shoe only relies on an approximation of underlying anatomical landmarks. Three total knee replacement subjects were recruited and three self-speed gait trials per subject were collected. The height variati...

BACKGROUND The associations between toe grip strength (TGS) and foot structure are not well known, although foot structure is inferred to affect TGS. This study investigated the associations between TGS and hallux valgus angle (HVA), toe curl ability, and foot arch height (FAH). METHODS This study analysed 227, 20 to 79-year-old, community-dwelling participants. TGS, HVA formed by the first m...

Five measurements of claw conformation (toe angle, claw height, claw width, toe length and abaxial groove length) taken directly from the hoof were compared with the measurements taken from digital images of the same claws. Concordance correlation coefficients and limits-of-agreement analysis showed that, for four of the five measures (claw height, claw width, toe length and abaxial groove leng...

The aim of the current investigation was to examine effects both lateral orthoses and toe-in/ toe-out foot progression angles on lower extremity joint loading during walking using a musculoskeletal simulation approach. examined 15 healthy males, in 6 different conditions (neutral, orthoses, toe-in, toe-out). Walking kinematics were collected an eight-camera motion capture system, kinetics via e...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Thyroidectomy is a common surgical procedure, after which drains are placed routinely. This study aims to assess the benefits of placing postoperative drains, its complications and affects on postoperative stay, in thyroid lobectomy. METHODOLOGY Randomized Clinical Trial of 60 goitre patients undergoing lobectomy was conducted at Civil Hospital Karachi, during July'11...