We prove that for a given deterministic top-down transducer with look-ahead it is decidable whether or not its translation definable (1) by linear tree (2) homomorphism. present algorithms construct equivalent such transducers if they exist.

The current study evaluates the accountability of Native Listeners (NLs). recruited speakers from a mixture Arabic dialects and accents as one group LAFL another where both groups spoke actual words with long short vowels in contrast. A main consequence choosing present experimental manipulation is outcome that NLs had increasingly slow right recognitions follow-on test. conclusion supports cla...

In the top-down approach to multi-name credit modeling, calculation of singe name sensitivities appears possible, at least in principle, within the so-called random thinning (RT) procedure which dissects the portfolio risk into individual contributions. We make an attempt to construct a practical RT framework that enables efficient calculation of single name sensitivities in a top-down framewor...

Although numerous theoretical models implicate the prefrontal cortex (PFC) as a source of top-down control signals, empirical support is limited. In this review, we highlight direct evidence for this view of PFC function and discuss several lines of other supportive findings. Most evidence to-date is only suggestive due to methodological challenges in tracking the spatiotemporal dynamics of cor...

Recently there has been a lot of interest in testing the processing predictions of a specific top-down parser for Minimalist grammars (Stabler, 2013). Most of this work relies on memory-based difficulty metrics that relate the shape of the parse tree to processing behavior. We show that none of the difficulty metrics proposed so far can explain why subject relative clauses are more easily proce...