Information on the structural complexity of forest stands is required to inform conservation priorities that guide the sustainable management of private native vegetation for multiple objectives of landowners. Whilst research into methods for the operational mapping of vegetation structure is expanding, the research is largely exploratory, and no methods have yet seen widespread acceptance. Thi...

Land-surface topographic attributes can be useful for estimating stable spatial patterns of crop yield caused by spatial variability in soils and water availability. We present spatial analyses of grain yield for three fields of dryland winter wheat in northeastern Colorado using topographic attributes as explanatory variables. Topographic attributes including elevation, slope, aspect, curvatur...

this study examined the effects of task complexity on written narrative production under different task complexity conditions by efl learners at different proficiency levels. task complexity was manipulated along robinson’s (2001b) proposed task complexity dimension of here-and-now (simple) vs. there-and-then (complex) in. accordingly, three specific measures of the written narratives were targ...

This paper proposes a method of implementation of automatic contour line extraction from scanned digital topographic maps. First, color image segmentation is executed to recognize the features on digital topographic maps, second, morphological and filtering operations are presented to eliminate all unwanted information from digital topographic map except from contour lines. Then, resolving the ...

Several learning algorithms for topographic map formation have been introduced that adopt overlapping activa-tion regions, rather than Voronoiregions, usually in the form of kernel functions. We review and introduce a numberof fixed point rules for training homogeneous, heteroscedastic but otherwise radially-symmetric Gaussian kernel-based topographic maps, or kernel topographic...

1 2 Abstract A radar interferometric technique for topographic mapping of surfaces promises a high resolution, globally consistent approach to generation of digital elevation models. One implementation approach, that of utilizing a single synthetic aperture radar system in a nearly repeating orbit, is attractive not only for cost and complexity reasons but also in that it permits inference of c...