In orchards using New Zealand Integrated Fruit Production for pipfruit (NZIFP-P), the decision to treat for leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) results from sampling of 200 fruit clusters or 200 shoots. This required a large time commitment by the grower, was subject to misidentification and was a poor predictor of damage at harvest. In 1996-97, cumulative trap catch of Epiphyas postvittana (...

The approach of male Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the wind tunnel to a source of sex pheromone was studied using two video cameras connected to image processing equipment. Three-dimensional records demonstrate that the flight to calling females is quite direct compared to the zigzag flight reported for other species. Convoluted paths displaying bimodal distribution of track and...

The codling moth Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera Tortricidae) is one of the key pests in apple and pear trees and its high harmfulness on the fruits requires a strongly effective pest management. Among the pest control strategies adopted in the years, nowadays integrated pest management (IPM) represents one of the most diffused methods and it requires pest monitoring by means of sex pheromone...

Male Oriental fruit moths, Grapholita molesta (Busck), were brießy preexposed in a wind tunnel to plumes from a rubber septum lure releasing a three-component, optimally attractive pheromone blend for this species or to plumes generated by Isomate-MRosso pheromone dispensers. The objectives were to determine how brief preexposures to lowand high-dosage pheromone dispensers affect initiation of ...

Sexual behavior of male moths after prolonged exposure to the 1-ng pheromone/m(3) air previously measured in orchards treated with pheromone for mating disruption was examined in a flight tunnel. The exposure of Grapholita molesta (Busck) to 1-ng (Z)-8-dodecen-1-yl acetate (Z8-12:OAc)/m(3) air for 15 min had no effect on their ability to fly upwind to a conspecific, virgin calling female. Afte...

1 Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 5230 Wapato, WA, USA 2 Entomology and Nematology Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA 3 Food and Environmental Quality Laboratory, Washington State University, Richland, WA, USA 4 Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA 5 Wes...

Variation in the effectiveness of biocontrol agents on the weed Parthenium hysterophorus L. was evaluated at two properties (Mount Panorama and Plain Creek) in Queensland, Australia for four years (1996-2000) using a pesticide exclusion experiment. At Mount Panorama, higher levels of defoliation by the leaf-feeding beetle Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister and galling by the moth Epiblema strenuan...

The obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a serious pest of apples and other tree crops throughout North America. A review of temperature dependent development and models show that five different lower thresholds for development are published and used as the basis of heat-driven phenology models. We present a small lab data set of C. rosaceana...

Areawide mating disruption treatments have been effective in controlling infestation of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in Australian pome and stone fruit orchards. Although successful, the areawide mating disruption program has been an expensive approach by using hand-applied Isomate dispensers. Sprayable microencapsulated (MEC) pheromone formulation...

A method for screening codling moth granulovirus (CpGV) formulation sensitivity to sunlight using specially prepared half apples and a solar simulator is described. The half apple preparation allows an even coverage of virus over the surface of the fruit that would not be possible using whole apples. Leaves and artificial medium were not usable for extended periods of exposure in the solar simu...