PURPOSE Listing's law (LL) constrains the rotational axes of saccades and pursuit eye movements to Listing's plane (LP). In the velocity domain, LL is ordinarily equivalent to a tilt in the ocular velocity axis equal to half the change in eye position, giving a tilt angle ratio (TAR) of 0.5. This study was undertaken to investigate vertical saccade behavior after the yaw vestibulo-ocular reflex...

Observers viewed monocular animations of rotating dihedral angles and were required to indicate their perceived structures by adjusting the magnitude and orientation of a stereoscopic dihedral angle. The motion displays were created by directly manipulating various aspects of the image velocity field, including the mean translation, the horizontal and vertical velocity gradients, and the manner...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics standing posture with turnout in children. [Participants and Methods] Ten female preschool children thirteen skilled adult ballet dancers participated study. postures parallel sagittal plane were photographed, angle, ear-neck horizontal distance from vertical line anatomical measurement point measured. [Results] Compared dan...

In this paper, we present two systems that were used for head pose estimation during the CLEAR06 Evaluation. We participated in two tasks: (1) estimating both pan and tilt orientation on synthetic, high resolution head captures, (2) estimating horizontal head orientation only on real seminar recordings that were captured with multiple cameras from different viewing angles. In both systems, we u...

The purpose of this study was to correlate the trochlear shape and patellar tilt angle and lateral patellar displacement at rest and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) exercises during open (OKC) and closed kinetic chain (CKC) in subjects with and without anterior knee pain. Subjects were all women, 20 who were clinically healthy and 19 diagnosed with anterior knee pain. All subject...

The authors examined the difference in errors made by eight subjects in setting a bar of light in an otherwise darkened room to either visually perceived vertical (VPV) or visually perceived horizontal (VPH) during maintained roll-tilted positions around the naso-occipital axis. Two viewing distances were examined, 25 and 60 cm. Subjects were tested at roll-tilt angles of 10 degrees intervals f...

Walking and climbing robots need to plan longterm routes on both horizontal and vertical terrain, but onboard sensors take images from vantage points that provide strongly foreshortened images that cause the appearance of terrain features to vary greatly by distance and viewing angle. This paper presents a convolutional neural network (CNN) method for predicting valid handhold and foothold loca...

Consider a four-quadrant detector consisting of four circular active regions of area Aq each, placed symmetrically around the sample, as shown schematically in Fig. 1(a). The sample holder is inserted from the right, and the quadrants are 90° apart, oriented symmetrically at ±45° with respect to the primary tilt axis. The specimen tilt angles are labeled  and β, with positive angles correspond...