The vagus nerve (VN), the longest cranial nerve and an essential part of the parasympathetic system, connects the central nervous system to respiratory, cardiovascular, immune, gastrointestinal, and endocrine systems and is involved in the maintenance of homeostasis by controlling these systems. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is related to any method that would stimulate the vagal nerve via elec...

We could recently characterize a normal "electrohepatogram" (EHG) in a canine model. It consisted of monophasic positively deflected slow waves or pacesetter potentials (PPs). A "dysrhythmic EHG" was produced when the liver was insulted by hepatic vessel clamping or liver irradiation. The postulation that electrohepatography might act as an investigative tool in liver diseases prompted the auth...

Authored by Vladimir Kaye, MD, Consulting Staff, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Hoag Hospital Coauthored by Murray E Brandstater, MBBS, PhD, Chairman and Program Director, Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Loma Linda University School of Medicine Edited by Virginia Simson Nelson, MD, MPH, Chief, Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Physical Medicine...

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-invasive analgesic technique that is used to relieve nociceptive, neuropathic, and musculoskeletal pain. During TENS, pulsed electrical currents are generated by a portable pulse generator and delivered across the intact surface of the skin via the selfadhering conducting pads called electrodes (Fig. 1). Patients can self-administer TE...

....................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER I: EXTENDED INTRODUCTION ................................................................. 9 A. Motivation for a High Speed Transcutaneous Telemetry Link .............................. 9 B. Link Design Specifications .....................................................

BACKGROUND Neonatal jaundice or hyperbilirubinemia is a common occurrence in newborns. Although most cases of neonatal jaundice have a benign course, severe hyperbilirubinemia can lead to kernicterus, which is preventable if the hyperbilirubinemia is identified early and treated appropriately. CONTENT This review discusses neonatal jaundice and the use of transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) measur...

In March of 2014, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first medical device to be used for the prevention of migraine. This device is a 2 AAA battery-powered electrical stimulator applied to the forehead using a headband-like device manufactured by the Cefaly Technology Company of Herstal, Belgium intended for individuals with episodic migraine with or without aura, who have 2–8 ...

Background: Neonatal jaundice is an almost common problem among neonates that may cause complications such as kernicterus in severe cases. Since early diagnosis and proper treatment of neonatal jaundice is vital to prevent the related complications, it is necessary to check bilirubin before discharging the neonates. There are several evaluating and diagnostic methods to measure the level of bil...