In this study, matrix-type transdermal patches containing diclofenac diethylamine were prepared using different ratios of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ethylcellulose (EC) by solvent evaporation technique. The drug matrix film of PVP and EC was casted on a polyvinylalcohol backing membrane. All the prepared formulations were subjected to physical studies (moisture content, moisture uptake, and...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a clonidine transdermal patch in the treatment of children with tic disorders (TD) and to establish a predictive model for patients. METHODS Forty-one patients who met the inclusion criteria entered into 12 weeks of prospective, open, single-group, self-controlled treatment with a clonidine transdermal patch. The Yale Global Tic Severity...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to improve skin permeation of evodiamine and rutaecarpine for transdermal delivery with microemulsion as vehicle and investigate real-time cutaneous absorption of the drugs via in vivo microdialysis. METHODS Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to evaluate microemulsion regions with various surfactants and cosurfactants. Nine formulations of oi...

UNLABELLED Despite wide application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of melanoma skin cancers, there are strong biomedical unmet needs for the effective generation of singlet oxygen after targeted delivery of photosensitizers. Here, we investigated a facile PDT of melanoma skin cancer using transdermal carbon dot - chlorine e6 - hyaluronate (Cdot-Ce6-HA) conjugates. The Cdot-Ce6-...

The introduction of a transdermal delivery system for fentanyl means that it is now more readily available. We present the first documented fatality after intravenous injection of the contents of a transdermal fentanyl patch. Prescribers need to be aware of the potential for misuse of fentanyl patches.

Transdermal drug delivery offers many advantages over traditional drug delivery methods. However, the natural resistance of the skin to drug permeation represents a major challenge that transdermal drug delivery needs to overcome in a safe and reversible manner. One method for enhancing transdermal drug delivery involves the application of ultrasound (US) to skin to physically overcome the skin...

This study examines outcome measures of abstinence among studies reporting 12-month outcomes of the nicotine transdermal patch using different measures of effectiveness. This was achieved by reviewing published randomized controlled studies reporting 1-year abstinence rates of the nicotine transdermal patch. Comparisons are made across studies of three outcome measures used to report abstinence...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness of telephone counselling as an adjunct to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) by transdermal patch in smoking cessation. DESIGN Randomised controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING 854 smokers from New South Wales, aged 18 years and older, who had smoked at least 10 cigarettes per day for the past year and responded to newspaper advertisements bet...